Home › Soft Soaps › To Test Soap

To Test Soap

The readiest way to find whether soap will injure the delicate skin of women or children is to test it with the tongue. Good soap, in which the caustic alkali is neutralized by thorough combination with the fat, will not have a sharp taste.

The soap used in medicine, and the transparent soaps, are neutral and good. Many toilet soaps, and especially the imitation marbled castile soap, so abundant in the trade, contain too much free alkali. They have not been thoroughly boiled, and are very sharp. It is not advisable to use such soaps upon delicate skins, as they induce redness of appearance, tained by the admixture of both liquids.

The fourth exhibits the degrees of Baumé's areometer of the lye.

Areometric Degrees resulting from a 623. Table showing the different mixture of 10 gallons of soda lye, of 36 degrees Baumé, with quantities of water varying from 10 to 90 gallons.

Number of gallons of Lye of 36 degrees.

Number of gallons of Water.

Number of gallons of obtained Degrees of Baumé of the mixture.

Lye. 10 10 20 23° 10 20 30. 17 10 30 40 14 10 40 50 12 10 50 60 10 10. 60 70 9 10 70 80 8 6월 10 gallons of lye, of 36 degrees Baumé, weigh 1124 lbs. 627. Gerlach's Table, showing the 624. Table showing the different Areometric Degrees resulting from a mix- percentage of Carbonate of Soda conture of 10 pounds of soda lye, of 36 de- tained in its Solutions. grees Baumé, with quantities of water Specific Specific varying from 10 to 90 pounds.

Per cent.

Per cent.

Weight.

Weight. 1 1.00914 27 1.26787 pounds Number of of Lye of 36 Degrees of 2 1.01829 28 1.27893 pounds of pounds Baumé of Water to be of Lye 3 1.02743 29 1.28999 the mixture. degrees. employed. obtained. 4 1.03658 30 1.30105 10 10 20 21° 5 1.04572 31 1.31261 10 20 30 14½ 6 1.05513 32 1.32417 7 1.06454 33 1.33573 10 30 40 11+ 10 40 50 10 8 1.07396 34 1.34729 10 50 60 10 60 70 10 70 80 10 80 90 9865 9 1.08337 35 1.35885 10 1.09278 36 1.37082 11 1.10258 37 1.38279 61 12 1.11238 38 1.39476 51 10 90 100 5 nearly 13 1.12219 39 1.40673 14 1.13199 40 1.41870 15 1.14179 41 1.43104

8.8 gallons of lye, of 30 degrees Baumé, weigh 100 pounds. 625. Table showing the different Areometric Degrees resulting from a mixture of 10 gallons of soda lye, of 30 degrees Baumé, with quantities of water varying from 10 to 90 gallons. 16 1.15200 42 1.44338 17 1.16222 43 1.45573 18 1.17243 44 1.46807 19 1.18265 45 1.48041 20 1.19286 46 1.49314 21 1.20344 47 1.50588 22 1.21402 48 1.51861 23 1.22459 49 1.53135 24 1.23517 50 1.54408 25 1.24575 51 1.55728 Number of Degrees of 26 1.25681 52 1.57048 gallons of Lye of 30 degrees. gallons of Water to be employed. gallons of Lye obtained.

Baumé of 628. the mixture.

Schiff's Table, showing the 10 10 20 190 percentage of Crystallized and Anhydrous Soda in Solutions of Carbonate of 10 20 30 nearly 14 Soda. 10 30 40 11 Per cent. of 10 40 50 9 Specific Weight. Crystallized Per cent. of Anhydrous Soda.

Soda. 10 50 60 8 10 60 70 7 1.0038 1 0.370 10 70 80 6 1.0076 2 0.741 10 80 90 10 90 100 54 5 1.0114 3 1.112 4 1.0153 4 1.482 10 gallons of soda lye, of 30 degrees, weigh 104 pounds; 75 gallons of this lye and 25 gallons of water give 100 gallons of lye of 25 degrees Baumé. There are 234 pounds of caustic soda wanted for making 10 gallons of 1.0192 5 1.853 1.0231 6 2.223 1.0270 7 2.594 1.0309 8 2.965 1.0348 9 3.335 1.0388 10 3.706 lye of 30 degrees Baumé. 1.0428 11 4.076 1.0468 12 4.447 626. Table showing the different Areometric Degrees resulting from a mixture of 10 pounds of soda lye, of 30 degrees Baumé, with quantities of water varying from 10 to 90 pounds. 1.0508 13 4.817 1.0548 14 5.188 1.0588 15 5.558 1.0628 16 5.929 1.0668 17 6.299 1.0708 18 6.670 Number of 1.0748 19 7.041 pounds of Lye of 30 degrees. pounds of Water to be employed. pounds Degrees of Baumé of 1.0789 20 7.412 of Lye the mixture. 1.0830 21 7.782 obtained. 1.0871 22 8.153 10 10 20 17° 1.0912 23 8.523 10 20 30 12 1.0953 24 8.894 10 30 40. 9+ 1.0994 25 9.264 10 40 50 7+ 1.1035 26 9.635 10 50 60 61 1.1076 27 10.005 10 60 70 51 1.1117 28 10.376 5 or51 9.6 gallons of lye, of 30 degrees Baumé, weigh 100 pounds.

TO MAKE HOME-MADE TALLOW CANDLES.

Schiff's Table (Continued).

T o Make Home-made Tallow Candles. Tallow candles are made in two different forms; the mould candle is the easiest to make, but involves the expense of a mould made expressly for the purpose; the dip candle requires more trouble, but no apparatus to make it; the first cost, first cost, however, of a candle mould is fully compensated for by the superiority of the candles made by it over those made by dipping.