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Water Cement

Manganese is found to be a valuable ingredient in water cements. 4 parts gray clay are to be mixed with 6 parts black oxide of manganese, and secure the edges and rivets of copper boilers, to mend leaks from joints, &c. It must be used as soon as mixed, as it rapidly gets hard.

It is extremely cheap and very durable, and is suited for many purposes where a strong cement is required. 2173. Pew's Composition for Covering Buildings. Take the hardest and purest limestone (white marble is to be preferred), free from sand, clay, or other matter; calcine it in a reverberatory furnace, pulverize, and pass it through a sieve. 1 part, by weight, is to be mixed with 2 parts clay well baked and similarly pulverized, conducting the whole operation with great care. This forms the first powder. The second is to be made of 1 part calcined and pulverized gypsum, to which is added 2 parts clay, baked and pulverized. These two powders are to be combined, and intimately incorporated, so as to form a perfect mixture. When it is to be used, mix it with about a fourth part of its weight of water, added gradually, stirring the mass well the whole time, until it forms a thick paste, in which state it is to be spread like mortar upon the desired surface. It beabout 90 parts good lime stone reduced to comes in time as hard as stone, allows no fine powder, the whole to be calcined to expel moisture to penetrate, and is not cracked by the carbonic acid; when well calcined and heat. When well prepared it will last any cooled, to be worked into the consistence of a stiff paste, with 60 parts washed sand. state, it may be colored of any desired tint.