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Judges (Two officials placed)

Two officials placed at opposite sides of the ring. If their opinions agree the winner is declared, but should they disagree, the judgment of the Referee is demanded.

Knock-out.-A blow which, in the opinion of the Referee, decides a bout by the temporary disablement of a contestant.

Lead-off (Left hand). A hit with the left hand (not a counter) at the head or body.

Mark. The pit of the stomach.

Out-Fighting. Leading off from a distance and preventing your adversary from getting to close quarters.

Point. Either side of the chin.

Referee. The official whose judgment is appealed to in the event of the judges disagreeing. He is invested with supreme power, and his decision is without appeal. He can disqualify a competitor in the event of a foul, or stop a contest when he decides that sufficient punishment has been administered.

Ring. A roped enclosure, of not less than 14 ft. square in open competitions.

Round. A period of time, usually of three minutes' duration, during which the boxers are continuously engaged. In competitions governed by the rules of the Amateur Boxing Association, three rounds are contested, two of three minutes and one of four, with an interval of one minute between each round.

Seconds. Men, generally professional boxers, appointed to attend on the contestants in the intervals between the rounds. During the progress of the rounds they must be outside the ring.

Side Step. Consists in drawing the left foot slightly behind the right foot, and springing sharply off the ball of the left foot towards the right front.

Slipping. On the adversary leading off, a long step forward, combined with a duck, is taken with the left foot, thereby avoiding the line of attack.

Stop. Frustrating the adversary's intention by a more rapid attack.

Time. The call to commence or conclude boxing..

Timekeeper. The holder of the watch, who times the duration of the rounds and of the intervals between the rounds. Upper Cut. This blow is in reality a counter, delivered upwards with either hand, when an opponent leads off or rushes in with his head down.

Weights. Boxers are divided by the Amateur Boxing Association into five classes, according to their weights, as follows:- Bantam Weight, not exceeding 8 st. 4 lb.

Feather Weight, not exceeding 9 st.

Light Weight, not exceeding to st.

Middle Weight, not exceeding II st. 4 lb.

Heavy Weight, any weight.

Bibliography. - Boxiana, Pierce Egan (G.

Smeeton), 1818-1824; Self-Defence, E. Donnelly (Weldon), 1879; Pugilistica, H. D. Miles (Weldon), 1880-81; Boxing, E. B. Mitchell, Badminton Library (Longmans), 1893; Physical Culture and Self-Defence, R. Fitzsimmons (Gale and Polden), 1902; Fights for the Championship, FW. J. Hemming (L.V. Gazette Office), 1902;