Home › R › Röhrflöte (Ger.) (rare'-fla-teh)
Röhrflöte (Ger.) (rare'-fla-teh)
Reed-flute; a flute-stop in the organ.
Rôle (Fr.) (roll). The part in an opera or play assigned to any performer.
Roll, Wirbel (Ger.), Rollo (It.), Roulement (Fr.). The tremolo produced on the drum by the rapid alternation of blows with the drumsticks. On the kettle-drum the roll is produced by single alternating blows; on the side drum, by double alternating blows.
Romance. (I) A ballad. (2) An instrumental piece in lyric form, of romantic character; often used as the slow movement of a sonata, etc.
Romanesca (It.) (ro-ma-nes'-ca), Romanesque (Fr.) (ro-man-esk). Same as Galliard. Romantic. A vague term for that form of art in which the emotional content is considered as of more importance than the MAJOR KEY. I Th.
Tonic.
ROSIN form. The term "romantic" is often used as opposed to classic; but the application of "classic" is as vague as is that of "romantic." The element of time seems to be an essential of classicism, the work of a living author never being considered classic. The term romantic may be defined as roughly dividing the music written on harmonic principles from that written before the principles of harmonic combination and succession were discovered; but already the romantic school has been sub-divided into what may be called the classic-romantic and the new-romantic; but since every thing must in time become "o'd," this last school must, when its day is past, give place to a newer romanticism. "new دو Rondo, Rondeau (Fr.). One of the forms of composition characterized by the return of the first theme after the presentation of each new theme. The modern rondo partakes of the character of the sonata form, in that its second theme is repeated in the tonic key, having been first given in the dominant key. The following schemes exhibit at a glance the usual forms of the rondo :- II Th. I Th. || III Th.
Tonic Dom.
Subdom.
Rel. min.
I Th.
Tonic.
II Th.
Tonic.
I Th.
Tonic.
Par. min.
MINOR KEY.-I Th.
II Th.
I Th. || III Th.
I Th.
II Th.
Tonic.
Rel.
Tonic. Subdom.
Tonic.
Tonic.
I Th.
Tonic. major. of rel. major.
Example of Rondo in Major Key, -last movement of Op. 2, No. 2 (Beethoven). Example of Rondo in Minor Key, -last movement of Sonata Pathetique. Root. The fundamental or generating note of a chord.
Rosalia (It.) (ros-al-ya). The repetition of a melodic phrase several times, each time one degree higher or lower than the last.
It gets its name from an Italian folk-song, "Rosalia Mia Cara," the melody of which is constructed in this way. Although not considered good writing, many examples may be found in the works of the greatest Ritter, A. G. Composer, organist; Germany.
B. 1811; d. 1885.
Ritter, Fred. L. Composer, writer; Alsace.
B. 1831; d. 1892.
Ritter, Fanny Raymond (wife of Fred.).
Writer; U. S. A. B. 1840.
Ritter, Theodore. Composer, pianist; France. B. 1841; d. 1886.
Rochlitz, F. J. Composer, critic; Germany.
B. 1769; d. 1842.
Rockstro, Will. S. Composer, writer; England. B. 1830; d. 1895. Rode, J. P. J. Composer, violinist; France.
B. 1774. d. 1830.
Roeckel, J. A. 1783; d. 1870.
Roeckel, J. A. Tenor; Germany. B. composers. Three such repetitions are generally considered allowable. In Germany the Rosalia has the ludicrous name of Schusterfleck (cobbler's patch), also Vetter Michel (Cousin Michel), from its occurrence in a well-known Volkslied, "Gestern Abend war Vetter Michel da."
Rose. The sound-hole in the belly of the guitar, mandolin, etc.
Rosin. See Resin.
Roeckel, Ed. (son of J. A.). Composer, pianist; France. B. 1816; d. 1876.
Roeckel, J. L. (son of J. A). Composer, pianist; England. B. 1838. [J. L.
Roeckel writes under the pseudonym of Edward Dorn.] Romberg, Andreas. Composer, violinist; Germany. B. 1767. d. 1821.
Romberg, Bernhard. Composer, 'cellist; Germany. B. 1767; d. 1841.
Ronconi, Sebastian (ron-ko'-nee). Baritone; Italy. B. 1814.
Röntgen, Julius. Composer, pianist; Germany. B. 1855. Root, Geo. F. Composer, writer; U. S. A.
B. 1820; d. 1895.
ROTA Rota (Lat.). A round.
Rote. Hurdy-gurdy; vielle.
Rculade (Fr.) (roo-lad). an ornamental flourish.
Round.
A brilliant run; A variety of canon, the imitation being always at the 8va or unison.
Roundel, Round, Roundelay. A dance in which a ring with joined hands was formed.
Roundelay also means a poem with a constantly reiterated refrain or burden. Rubato (It.) (roo-bah'-to). Robbed; stolen.
The direction Rubato, or Tempo Rubato, indicates a style of performance in which the rhythmic flow is interrupted by dwelling slightly on certain melodic notes and slightly hurrying others. This style of performance is used with great effect in the modern intensely emotional school of music.
Rosa, Carl A. N. Violinist, conductor; Germany. B. 1842; d. 1889. Rosellen, Henri (ro-sel'-len). Pianist; France. B. 1811; d. 1876.
Rosenhain, Jacob (ro'-sen-highn). Composer, pianist; Germany. B. 1813; d. 1894. Rosenthal, Moritz (ro'-sen-tal).
Germany. B. 1862.
Com- Pianist; Rossi, Luigi (ros'-see). Composer; Italy.
B. 15-; d. 16-.
Rossini, G. A. (ros-see'-nee). Composer, Italy. B. 1792; d. 1868.
Composer, Rousseau, J. J. (roos-so). Composer, writer; Geneva. B. 1712; d. 1778.
S. Abbreviation of Segno (sign); Senza (without); Sinistra (left); Solo; Subito (quickly).
A sign used to point out the place from which a repeat is to be made. Alf, to the sign; Dal, from the sign.
Sabot (Fr.). A "shoe." Part of the mechanism of the double-action harp, consisting of a revolving disk of brass with two projecting studs; when the pedal is depressed the string is caught between the studs and drawn tighter, thus raising its pitch.
Saccade (Fr.) (sac-cad). A strong pressure of the violin bow on the strings, causing two or three to sound together.
Sacchini, A. M. L. (sak-kee'-nee). Cornposer; Italy. B. 1734; d. 1786. Saint-Saëns, Camille (sangt-sah-ong). Composer, organist, pianist; Paris. B. 1835. Sainton-Dolby, Ch. Helen. Composer, contralto, soprano; England. B. 1821; d. 1885.
S SALTATO Ruhig (Ger.) (roo' - ig). tranquilly.
Calm; quiet;