Home › Z › Zwischenspiel (Ger.)

Zwischenspiel (Ger.)

"Between play; " interlude.

Zerrahn, Carl. Conductor; Germany. B. 1826; d. 1910.

Zeuner, Ch. (tsoy'-ner). Organist; Germany. B. 1797; d. 1857. Zimmermann, Agnes. Composer, pianist; Germany. B. 1847.

Zingarelli, N. A. (zing-ah-rel'-lee). Composer; Italy. B. 1752; d. 1837. Zumsteeg, J. R. Composer, 'cellist; Germany. B. 1760; d. 1802. Zundel, Johann. Composer, organist; Germany. B. 1815; d. 1882. ENGLISH WORDS IN CONSTANT USE, WITH THEIR EQUIVA- LENTS IN ITALIAN, FRENCH, AND GERMAN.

A A. La (Fr. and It.). A (Ger.).

A Flat. La bémol (Fr.). La bemolle (It.).

As (Ger.).

A Sharp. La diése (Fr.). La diesis (It.).

Ais (Ger.).

A Major. La majeur (Fr.). La maggiore (It.). A dur (Ger.).

A Minor. La mineur (Fr.). La minore (It.).

A moll (Ger.).

Accelerate. See Growing Faster.

Accidental.

Accidente (It.).

Accident (Fr.).

Zufälliges Zeichen (Ger.).

Accented.

Marcato; Ben marcato (It.).

Marqué; Bien marqué (Fr.).

Betont; Markiert (Ger.).

Accompaniment.

Accompagnimento (It.).

Accompagnement (Fr.).

Begleitung (Ger.).

Affectionately. See Tender.

Again.

Ancora; Ancor (It.).

Encore (Fr.).

Wieder (Ger.).

Agility.

Agilita; Velocita (It.); (used with con = with).

Hurtigkeit, (mit) (Ger.).

Bewegt; Aufgeregt (Ger.).

Agitated.

Agitato (It.).

Agité (Fr.).

Agreeable.

Piacevole (It.).

Agréable (Fr.).

Angenehm (Ger.).

Air.

Always.

Sempre (It.).

Toujours (Fr.).

Immer (Ger.).

Always Loud.

Sempre forte (It.).

Toujours fort (Fr.).

And.

Immer stark (Ger.).

E (before a consonant); ed (before a vowel) (It.).

Et (Fr.).

Und (Ger.).

Animated.

Animato; Vivo; Con anima; Svegliato; Resvigliato (It.).

Animé (Fr.).

Belebt; Aufgeweckt (Ger.).

Answer (in fugue).

As.

Riposta; Consequente (It.).

Comes (Lat.).

Réponse; Réplique (Fr.).

Antwort; Gefährte (Ger.).

Come (It.).

Comme (Fr.).

Wie (Ger.).

At Pleasure.

A Piacere; A bene placito (It.).

Ad libitum (Lat.).

A volonté (Fr.).

Nach Belieben (Ger.).

B B. Si (Fr. and It.). H (Ger.).

B Flat. Si bémol (Fr.). Si bemolle (It.).

B (Ger.).

B Sharp. Si diése (Fr.). Si diesis (It.).

His (Ger.).

Canto; Aria (It.).

Chant; Air; Mélodie (Fr.).

Weise; Lied (Ger.).

A Little Faster.

Poco piu mosso (It.).

Un peu plus vite (Fr.).

Ein wenig schneller (Ger.).

A Little Slower.

Poco meno mosso (It.).

Un peu plus lent (Fr.).

Ein wenig langsamer (Ger.).

All Together.

Tutti (It.).

B Major. Si majeur (Fr.). Si maggiore (It.). H dur (Ger.).

B Minor. Si mineur (Fr.). Si minore (It.).

H moll (Ger.).

Bagpipe.

Cornemusa; Sampogna (It.).

Cornemuse (Fr.).

Sackpfeife; Dudelsack (Ger.).

Ballad.

Bar.

Ballata (It.).

Ballade (Fr.).

Ballade (Ger.).

Linea; Barra (It.).

Barre (Fr.).

Taktstrich (Ger.) Beat.

Battuta (It.).

Battement de mesure, or de temps (Fr.).

Taktschlag (Ger.).

Beginning.

Capo; Principio (It.).

Anfang (Ger.).

Belly (of violin, etc.).

Tavola; Pancia (It.).

Table (Fr.).

Decke (Ger.).

Boat Song.

Barcaruolla; Gondoliera (It.).

Barcarolle (Fr.).

Gondellied (Ger.).

Bold.

Fiero; Ardito (It.).

Fier (Fr.).

Heftig (Ger.).

Book (number or volume).

Libro (It.).

Cahier (Fr.).

Heft (Ger.).

Book (containing words of opera, etc.).

Libretto (It.).

Bow.

Arco (It.).

Archet (Fr.).

Bogen (Ger.).

Bound.

Legato (It.).

Lié (Fr.).

Gebunden (Ger.).

Bridge.

Ponticello (It.).

Chevalet (Fr.).

Steg (Ger.).

By Degrees.

Poco a poco (It.).

Peu à peu (Fr.).

Nach und nach; Allmählich (Ger.).

C C. Ut (Fr.). Do (It.). C (Ger.).

C Flat. Ut bémol (Fr.). Do bemolle (It.).

Ces (Ger.).

Cradle Song.

Ninnerella (It.).

Berceuse (Fr.).

Wiegenlied (Ger.).

D D. Re (It.). Ré (Fr.). D (Ger.).

D Flat. Re bemolle (It.). Ré bémol (Fr.).

Des (Ger.).

D Sharp. Re diesis (It.). Ré diése (Fr.).

Dis (Ger.).

D Major. Re maggiore (It.). Ré majeur (Fr.). D dur (Ger.).

D Minor. Re minore (It.). Ré mineur (Fr.). D moll (Ger.).

Decided.

Deciso; Risoluto (It.).

Avec decision (Fr.).

Bestimmt; Entschlossen (Ger.).

Decreasing (in movement). See Growing Slower.

Decreasing (in loudness). See Growing Softer.

Decreasing (in movement and loudness).

See Growing Softer and Slower.

Detached.

Staccato; Spiccato (It.).

Détaché (Fr.).

Abgestossen (Ger.).

Distinctly. See Accented.

Divided.

Divisi (It.).

Divisé (Fr.).

Doleful.

Con dolore; Tristamente; Mesto (It.).

Dying Away.

Morendo; Espirando; Estinguendo ; Sminuendo; Smorendo; Smorzando; Mancando; Diminuendo (It.).

Schwindend; Sterbend; Verhallend; Verlöschend; Verschwindend (Ger.).

E E. Mi (It.). Mi (Fr.). E (Ger.).

E Flat. Mi bemolle (It.). Mi bémol (Fr.).

C Sharp. Ut diése (Fr.). Do diesis (It.).

Cis (Ger.).

Es (Ger.).

E Sharp. Mi diesis (It.). Mi diése (Fr.).

C Major. Ut majeur (Fr.). Do maggiore (It.). Cis dur (Ger.).

C Minor. Ut mineur (Fr.). Do minore (It.). Cis moll (Ger.).

Calm.

Calmato; Tranquillo (It.).

Easy.

Ruhig (Ger.).

Caprice.

Capriccio (It.).

Caprice (Fr.).

Grille (Ger.).

Coquettishly Con civetteria (It.).

Eis (Ger.).

E Major. Mi maggiore (It.). Mi majeur (Fr.). E dur (Ger.).

E Minor. Mi minore (It.). Mi mineur (Fr.). E moll.

Facile (It.).

Facile (Fr.).

Leicht (Ger.).

Emphatic.

Marcato; Sforzato (It.).

Bien marqué; Bien rhythmé (Fr.).

Betont (Ger.).

End.

Flowing.

Fine (It.).

Fin (Fr.).

Equal.

Schluss (Ger.).

Eguale; Spianato.

Even, Evenly. See Equai.

Emotion.

Emozione (It.).

Empfindung; Ergriffenheit; Gefühl; Innigkeit (Ger.). Exercise.

Exercizio (It.).

Exercice (Fr.).

Jebung (Ger.).

Expression.

Espressione (It.) (con = with).

Expression (Fr.) (avec = with).

Ausdruck (Ger.) (mit = with).

Extreme, Extremely.

Molto; Di molto (It.).

Très (Fr.).

Sehr; Ausserst (Ger.).

F F. Fa (It.). Fa (Fr.). F (Ger.).

Scorrendo (It.).

Forcibly.

Con forza (It.).

Avec force (Fr.).

Mit Kraft; Kräftig (Ger.).

Forcing.

Forzando; Sforzando; Sforzato (It.).

From.

Da (It.).

From the Beginning.

Da capo (It.).

Vom Anfang (Ger.).

From the Sign.

Dal segno (It.).

From the Beginning to the Sign.

Da capo al segno (It.) From the Beginning to the End.

Da capo al fine (It.).

Furious.

Furioso; Con furia (It.).

Wütend (Ger.).

G G. Sol (It.). Sol (Fr.). G (Ger.).

F Flat. Fa bemolle (It.). Fa bémol (Fr.).

Fes (Ger.).

G Flat. Sol bemolle (It.). Sol bémol (Fr.).

F Sharp. Fa diesis (It.). Fa diése (Fr.).

Ges (Ger.).

Fis (Ger.).

G Sharp. Sol diesis (It.). Sol diése (Fr.).

F Major. Fa maggiore (It.). Fa majeur Gis (Ger.). (Fr.). F dur (Ger.).

G Major. Sol maggiore (It.). Sol majeur F Minor. Fa minore (It.). Fa mineur (Fr.). F moll (Ger.).

Fading Away.

Slower.

Fast.

See Growing Softer and Allegro; Vivace; Vivo; Presto (It.).

Vif (Fr.).

Rasch; Schnell; Geschwind; Hurtig (Ger.).

Faster.

The words above with Piu before them :

Piu mosso (It.).

Plus vif (Fr.).

Schneller; Rascher (Ger.).

Faster by Degrees. See Growing Faster.

Faster and Louder.

Stringendo; (It.).

Affrettando; Incalzando Stärker und schneller (Ger.).

Festive.

Festivo (It.) Feierlich (Ger.).

Fiery.

Con fuoco; Con calore (It.).

Avec ardeur (Fr.).

Feuerig (Ger.).

First Part or Voice.

Primo (It.).

Premier (Fr.).

Erste (Ger.). (Fr.). G dur (Ger.).

G Minor. Sol minore (It.). Sol mineur Gay. (Fr.). G moll (Ger.).

Giojoso (It.).

Gai (Fr.).

Fröhlich; Heiter; Munter (Ger.).

Gondola Song.

Gondoliera (It.).

Gondellied (Ger.). "Going."

Andante (It.).

Gehend (Ger.).

Graceful.

Grazioso; Con grazia (It.).

Avec grace (Fr.).

Lieblich (Ger.).

Gradual. See By Degrees.

Grand.

Grandioso; Nobile (It.).

Grand (Fr.).

Erhaben (Ger.).

Growing Faster.

Accelerando; Calcando; Pressante; Pressando il tempo; Ravvivando il tempo (It.).

En serrant; Pressez (Fr.).

Belebend; Eilend; Drängend; Treibend (Ger.).

Growing Louder.

Gesteigert; Zunehmend Crescendo; Piu forte (It.).

Anwachsend; (Ger.).

Growing Softer.

Decrescendo; Diminuendo; Diluendo; Perdendo; Perdendosi (It.).

Abnehmend; Abschwellend (Ger.).

Growing Slower.

Rallentando; Ritenuto; Ritardando; Relasciando; Rimettendo; Ritenendo; Slargando; Slentando; Stiracchiato; Stirato; Trattenuto (It.).

Joyously, Jubilant.

Giojoso; Giubiloso (It.).

Fröhlich; Freudenvoll; Jubelnd (Ger.).

L Piangendo; Lamentoso (It.), Lamenting.

Left Hand.

Mano sinistra (It.).

Main gauche (Fr.).

Linke Hand (Ger.).

Less.

Schleppend; Verweilend; Zögernd; Meno (It.).

Zurückhaltend (Ger.).

Lightly.

Growing Slower and Softer. See Dying Away.

Growing Louder and Faster.

Stringendo; Incalzando (It.).

H Half.

Mezzo (It.).

Demi (Fr.).

Halb (Ger.).

Hastening. See Growing Faster.

Heartfelt.

Affetuoso; Con affetto (It.).

Herzlich; Innig (Ger.).

Held Back.

Ritenuto (It.).

Retenu (Fr.).

Zurückhaltend (Ger.).

Held, Held Down.

Tenuto (It.).

Hurrying. See Growing Faster.

I Impetuous.

Impetuoso; Con impeto; Con slancio; Smanioso; Smaniante (It.).

Ungestüm (Ger.).

In Haste.

Con fretta (It.).

In the Same Manner.

Simile (It.).

In the Same Time.

L'istesso tempo (It.).

Au même temps (Fr.).

Dasselbe Zeitmass (Ger.).

In Time.

A tempo (It.).

In the Previous Time.

A tempo primo (It.).

In vorigem Zeitmass (Ger.).

Increasing. See Growing Faster; Growing Louder; Growing Softer; Growing Slower.

Jestingly.

Scherzando (It.).

Launig (Ger.).

J Leggiero; Con legerezza (It.) Little by Little. See By Degrees.

Lively. See Animated.

Longing.

Desiderio (con) (It.).

Sehnsucht (mit) (Ger.).

Loud.

Forte (It.).

Fort (Fr.).

Stark (Ger.).

Louder.

Piu forte (It.).

Plus fort (Fr.).

Stärker (Ger.).

Loud, Always.

Sempre forte (It.).

Toujours fort (Fr.).

Immer stark (Ger.).

Loud as Possible.

Forte possibile; Con tutta forza (It.).

Avec toute force (Fr.).

Stark wie möglich (Ger.).

Lullaby. See Cradle Song.

M Majestic.

Maestoso; Pomposo (It.).

Majestique (Fr.).

Majestätisch (Ger.).

Many-voiced.

Mehrstimmig (Ger.).

Marked. See Accented.

Mark (Accent) the Melody.

Ben marcato la melodia, or il canto (It.) March.

Marcia (It.).

Marche (Fr.).

Marsch (Ger.).

Melody.

Melodia; Canto (It.).

Mélodie; Chant (Fr.).

Melodie (Ger.).

Moderate (in tempo).

Moderato (It.).

Mässig; Gemässigt (Ger.).

More.

Piu (It.).

Plus (Fr.).

Mehr (Ger.).

Motion, Faster.

Plus vite (Fr.).

Motion, More.

Piu moto (It.).

Much.

Molto (It.).

Bien (Fr.).

Viel (Ger.).

Night-piece.

Notturno (It.).

Nocturne (Fr.).

N Nachtstück (Ger.).

Not so Fast.

Meno mosso (It.).

Nicht so schnell (Ger.).

Not too Fast.

Non troppo allegro, or Presto ma non tanto (It.).

Nicht zu schnell (Ger.).

O Obliged, Indispensable.

Playful.

Giocoso; Scherzoso; Scherzando (It.).

Plaisant; Avec plaisanterie (Fr.).

Spielend; Scherzhaft; Leichtfertig (Ger.).

Possible.

Possibile (It.).

Possible (Fr.).

Möglich (Ger.).

Preghiera (It.).

Prayer.

Prière (Fr.).

Gebet (Ger.).

Pressing (the tempo). See Growing Faster.

Pronounced.

Ben pronunciato; Ben marcato (It.).

Bien prononcé; Bien marqué (Fr.).

Sehr markiert (Ger.).

Psalm.

Salmo (It.).

Psaume (Fr.).

Psalm (Ger.).

Q Quiet. See Placid.

R Rapid.

Obbligato (It.).

Obligé (Fr.).

Of.

Di (It.).

De (Fr.).

Von (Ger.).

Or, Otherwise.

Ossia; Oppure; Ovvero (It.).

Passionate.

P Passionato; Appassionato (It.).

Passioné (Fr.).

Leidenschaftlich (Ger.).

Pastoral.

Pastorale (It.).

Pastoral (Fr.).

Pastoral (Ger.).

Pathetic.

Patetico (It.).

Pathetique (Fr.).

Pathetisch (Ger.).

Piece.

Pezzo (It.).

Morceau (Fr.).

Stück (Ger.).

Placid.

Placido (It.).

Tranquille (Fr.).

Ruhig (Ger.).

Plaintive.

Lamentando; Dolendo; Dolente; Doloroso; Con dolore; Flebile; Piangendo (It.).

Avec doleur; Plaintif (Fr.).

Klagend; Traurig (Ger.).

Rapido; Celere; Veloce (It.).

Rapide; Avec célérité; Vite (Fr.).

Schnell; Geschwind; Rasch (Ger.).

Rather.

Quasi (It.).

Etwas (Ger.).

Rather Fast.

Quasi presto (It.).

Etwas rasch (Ger.).

Religious.

Religioso; Devoto (It.).

Dévot (Fr.).

Religiös (Ger.).

Right Hand.

Mano destra (It.).

Main droite (Fr.).

Rechte Hand (Ger.).

Sad. See Plaintive.

Second.

Secondo (It.).

Second (Fr.).

Zweite (Ger.).

Singing.

S Cantando; Cantabile (It.).

Chantant (Fr.).

Singend (Ger.).

Slow.

Lento; Adagio (It.).

Lent (Fr.).

Langsam (Ger.).

Slower.

Piu lento; Meno mosso (It.).

Plus lent (Fr.).

Langsamer (Ger.).

Slurred, Smooth.

To.

Legato; Portamento (It.).

Lié (Fr.).

A; Ad (It.).

To the.

Al; Alla (It.).

Soft.

Too.

Gebunden (Ger.) Piano; Dolce (It.).

Doux (Fr.).

Leise; Schwach (Ger.).

Softer.

Meno forte; Piu piano (It.).

Plus doux (Fr.).

Schwächer (Ger.).

Solemn.

Solenne (It.).

Solemnel (Fr.)..

Feierlich (Ger.).

Somewhat. See Rather.

Song Canto (It.).

Chant (Fr.).

Gesang; Lied (Ger.).

Sorrowful. See Plaintive.

Sparkling.

Brillante; Scintillante (It.).

Brillant; Scintillant (Fr.).

Funkelnd (Ger.).

Spirit, Spirited.

Con spirito; Con brio (It.).

Avec âme (Fr.).

Mit Geist; Geistlich (Ger.).

Still, Yet.

Ancora (It.).

Encore (Fr.).

Noch (Ger.).

Still Faster.

Ancor piu mosso (It.).

Encore plus vite (Fr.).

Noch geschwinder (Ger.).

Sustained.

Sostenuto (It.).

Soutenu (Fr.).

Getragen (Ger.).

Sweet.

Dolce; Amabile (It.).

Doux (Fr.).

Süss; Lieblich (Ger.).

Swift. See Rapid.

Taste.

T Con gusto; Gustoso (It.).

Avec goût (Fr.).

Mit Geschmack (Ger.).

Tearfully.

Lagrimando (It.). See Plaintive.

Tenderly.

Tenerosa; Con affetto (It.).

Tendre (Fr.).

Zärtlich (Ger.).

Thoughtful.

Pensieroso (It.).

Pensif (Fr.).

Tiefsinnig (Ger.).

Troppo (It.).

Trop (Fr.).

Zu (Ger.).

Too Slow, Not.

Non troppo lento (It.).

Pas trop lent (Fr.).

Nicht zu langsam (Ger.).

Tranquil. See Placid.

Trembling.

Tremolo; Tremolando (It.).

Tremblement; Balancement (Fr.).

Bebung; Zitternd (Ger.).

Tune. See Song.

Twice as Fast.

Doppio movimento (It.).

Undulating.

U Ondeggiante (It.). See Tremolo.

V Molto; Assai (It.).

Very.

Très (Fr.).

Sehr (Ger.).

Very Fast.

Allegro assai (It.).

Très vite (Fr.).

Sehr rasch (Ger.).

Vivacious. See Animated.

Voice.

Voce (It.).

Voix (Fr.).

Stimme (Ger.).

W Wailing. See Plaintive.

Warmly.

Con calore (It.).

Avec chaleur (Fr.).

Feurig (Ger.).

Wavering. See Trembling.

Well.

Ben; Bene (It.).

Bien (Fr.).

Wohl; Gut (Ger.).

Whim.

Ghiribizzo; Capriccio (It.).

Caprice (Fr.).

Grille (Ger.).

With.

Con; Col; Colla (It.).

Avec (Fr.).

Mit (Ger.).

Without Growing Slower.

Senza rallentare (It.).

Sans ralentir (Fr.).

Ohne Zurückhaltung (Ger.).

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF THE MOST CELEBRATED OPERA COMPOSERS, WITH THE TITLES OF THEIR BEST- KNOWN WORKS.

Many names of operas will be found that are almost unknown in America, but are still performed in Europe. Some are given because they have a historical interest. Complete lists are not given, except in the case of the great masters; in other cases only those works that still keep the stage are given. Adam.

Postillon de Longjumeau (pos-tee-yon de long-zhu-mo).

Le Chalet.

Le Brasseur de Preston.

Roi d'Yvetot.

Cagliostro.

Giselle.

Auber.

Le Maçon.

La Muette de Portici (Massaniello) (la muette de por-tee-chee).

Fra Diavolo.

Le Domino Noir (The Black Domino).

Lestocq.

Les Diamants de la Couronne (Crown Diamonds).

Le Cheval de Bronze (The Bronze Horse).

Balfe.

Bohemian Girl (La Zingara).

Satanella (Power of Love).

Rose of Castile.

Siege of Rochelle.

Puritan's Daughter.

The Talisman.

Barnett, John.

The Mountain Sylph.

Beethoven.

Fidelio (first called Leonora). The original German title is Fidelio oder die eheliche Liebe (Fidelio or Conjugal Love).

Bellini.

Norma.

Capuletti e Montecchi.

La Sonnambula.

I Puritani.

Il Pirata.

Beatrice di Tenda.

La Straniera.

Benedict.

Gypsies' Warning.

Brides of Venice.

Crusaders.

Lily of Killarney.

Berlioz.

Benvenuto Cellini (ben-veh-noo'-to chellee'-nee).

Béatrice et Bénédict.

Bishop, H. R.

Knight of Snowdon.

Guy Mannering.

Clari.

Clari. The song, Home, Sweet Bizet.

Home," is from this opera.

Carmen.

Pearl Fishers.

Vasco di Gama.

Fair Maid of Perth.

Boieldieu.

La Dame Blanche (The White Lady).

The story is taken from Sir Walter Scott's novel, "The Monastery."

Chaperon Rouge (Red Riding Hood).

Calif of Bagdad.

Boito.

Mefistofele.

Boito is better known as the author of the librettos of several of Verdi's later operas.

Caccini.

Daphne (the first opera composed).

Euridice (eu-ree-dee-cheh). These operas were produced in Florence at the beginning of the 17th century. Cherubini.

Lodoiska.

Les Deux Journées (leh doo zhour-neh) (The Two Days).

Wasserträger (The Water-carriers).

Faniska.

Cimarosa.

Il Matrimonio Segreto. The only one of his seventy-six operas remembered.

Clay, F.

Princess Toto.

Don Quixote.

Dalayrac.

Le Corsaire.

Fanchette.

Nina.

Azémia.

Damrosch, W.

The Scarlet Letter.

David, F.

La Perle du Brésil.

Lalla Rookh.

Le Saphir.

Delibes.

Jean de Nivelle.

Lakmé.

Donizetti.

Anna Bolena.

Händel.

Rinaldo.

Radamisto.

Rodelinda, etc. Never performed now; chiefly remembered as the source of many beautiful songs.

Zampa.

Pré aux Clercs.

Lucia di Lammermoor (loo-che-a).

La Favorita.

Hérold.

Figlia del Regimento (Daughter of the Regiment).

Lucrezia Borgia.

Linda di Chamounix (sha'-moo-nee).

Don Pasquale.

L'Elisire d'Amore (eh-lee-see-reh d'ahmo-reh) (The Elixir of Love). Dvorak.

Manda.

Dimitrij (dee-mee-tree').

Der Bauer ein Schelm.

Der König und der Köhler.

Die Dickschädel.

Flotow.

Martha.

Stradella.

Indra.

L'Ombre.

Gevaert.

Georgette.

Le Billet de Marguerite.

Quentin Durward.

Château Trompette.

Le Capitaine Henriot.

Glinka.

La Vie Pour le Tzar (Life for the Czar).

Russlau et Ludmilla.

Gluck.

Orpheus.

Alcestis.

Iphigénie en Tauride (if-ee-zheh-nee ong taw-reed).

Antigone.

Goldmark.

La Reine de Saba (la rane de saba).

Gossec.

Les Pêcheurs (leh peh-shoor).

Gounod.

Faust.

Mereille.

Cinq Mars.

Romeo et Juliette.

Polyeucte.

La Reine de Saba (Queen of Sheba).

Gretry.

Richard. The only one now performed of the fifty he wrote.

Gyrowetz.

Agnes Sorel.

Die Prüfung (The Trial).

Der Augenarzt (The Oculist).

Halévy.

La Juive.

L'Eclair.

La Reine de Chypre (la rane de keepr).

Humperdinck.

Hänsel und Gretel.

Children of the King.

Joncières.

Dimitri.

Kreutzer, C.

Das Nachtlager in Granada (Siege of Granada).

Kücken.

Die Flucht nach der Schweiz (Flight into Switzerland).

Der Prätendent (The Pretender).

Lassen.

Le Roi Edgard Frauenlob Der Gefangene Lecocq.

Fleur de Thé. } Produced in Weimar under Liszt's direction.

Fille de Madame Angot.

Giroflé Girofla.

Leoncavallo.

I Pagliacci (e pal-yatch'-ee) (The Mountebanks).

Lortzing.

Czar und Zimmermann.

Der Waffenschmidt (waffen-schmit).

Undine.

Macfarren, G. A.

Don Quixote.

Robin Hood.

Helvellyn.

Marschner.

The Vampyre.

Hans Heiling.

Ivanhoe (The Templar and the Jewess).

Mascagni.

Cavalleria Rusticana (cah-vah-leh-ree'-a rus-tee-cah'-nah) (Rustic Chivalry).

Massé.

Galathée (gah-lah-teh).

Les Noces de Jeannette (leh noce de zhan net) (Jeannette's Marriage).

Paul et Virginie.

Massenet.

Roi de Lahore.

Manon.

Le Cid (le thid).

Don César de Bazan.

Mehul.

Two Blind Men of Toledo.

Joseph.

Le Jeune Henri.

Mendelssohn.

Lorelei (unfinished).

Camacho's Wedding.

Heimkehr aus der Fremde. Known as Son and Stranger in English.

Mercadante.

Il Giuramento (eel ju-rah-mento).

Elisa e Claudio.

Meyerbeer.

Les Huguenots.

L'Africaine.

L'Etoile du Nord (Star of the North).

Le Prophète.

Dinorah.

Robert le Diable.

Monteverdi.

Arianna. Monteverdi was the second in the succession of opera composers, and the father of the Italian school of opera.

Mozart.

Don Giovanni, or Il Dissoluto Punito.

Le Nozze di Figaro (leh not-zeh dee fig'ah-ro) (The Marriage of Figaro). Idomeneo (e-do-meh-neh'-o).

Die Entführung aus dem Serail (dee entfeer-unk ous dehm seh-rahl) (The Escape from the Seraglio).

Cosi fan Tutti (German title, Weibertreue).

Il Flauto Magico (German title, Zauberflöte). Mozart was the author of a large number of operas and operettas, but this list includes all that are now performed.

Nicolai.

The Merry Wives of Windsor.

The Templar.

Offenbach.

Barbe Bleue.

La Belle Helène.

Genevieve de Brabant.

Grande Duchesse de Gérolstein.

Perichole. And about seventy others.

The above list gives the titles of those that were most popular-a popularity that is now rapidly on the wane, and deservedly so.

Pacini, G.

Medea.

Saffo.

Paisiello.

La Molinara.

Paladilhe.

Suzanne.

Piccinni.

Dido.

Atys.

Pepusch.

Beggar's Opera. Libretto by the poet Gay, written as a travesty of the Italian opera of the 18th century.

Ponchielli.

La Gioconda (jo-con'-dah).

Marion Delorme.

Promessi Sposi (promes-see spo-see).

Planquette.

Les Cloches de Corneville (Chimes of Normandy).

Ricci.

Crispino e la Comare (cris-pee'-no eh lah co-mah'-reh) (The Cobbler and the Fairy).

Rossini.

Barbier de Seville.

Cenerentola (cheh-neh-ren'-to-lah) (Cinderella).

La Gazza Ladra (gatza lah-dra) (Maid and Magpie).

Guillaume Tell.

Semiramide (seh-mee-rah'-mee-deh). Of his large number of operas these are the only ones that have kept the stage; especially is this true of William Tell, Barber of Seville, and Semiramide.

Rousseau.

Le Devin du Village (The Village Priest).

Rubinstein.

The Demon.

Nero.

Tower of Babel.

Paradise Lost.

Salieri.

Tarare (tah-rah'-reh).

Saint-Saëns.

Samson and Delilah.

Etienne Marcel.

Schubert.

Rosamund.

Teufelslustschloss (Devil's Country Seat).

Alfonso and Estrella.

Fierabras (fee-eh-rah-bras). In addition to these, Schubert left many operas in a partly finished state.

Schumann.

Genoveva (geh-no-veh-vah).

Spohr.

Faust.

Jessonda.

Zemira ed Azor.

Spontini.

Olympia.

Vestale.

Fernando Cortez.

Sullivan, A. S.

Mikado.

Pinafore.

Patience.

Pirates of Penzance.

Sorcerer.

Iolanthe.

Suppe, F. von.

Fatinitza.

Boccaccio (bok-katch'-ee-o).

Thalberg.

Christina Florinda } Both failures.

Thomas, Ambroise.

Mignon.

Hamlet.

Francesca de Rimini (fran-ches'-ka deh ree'-mee-nee).

Tschaikowsky.

Mazeppa.

Maid of Orleans.

Verdi.

Ernani.

Rigoletto.

Trovatore (tro-vah-to-reh).

Un Ballo in Maschera (mas-keh'-rah) (Masked Ball).

Don Carlos.

Sicilian Vespers.

Aida (ah-ee'-dah).

Otello.

Falstaff.

Wagner.

Rienzi (ree-ent'-see) (The Last of the Tribunes).

Der fliegende (flee'-gen-deh) Holländer (Flying Dutchman).

Wagner (continued).

Tannhäuser und der Sängerkrieg auf der Wartburg (The Singers' Contest on the Wartburg).

Lohengrin.

The Nibelungen (nee'-beh-lung-en) Ring I.

Series:

Part Part III.

Part II.

Part I. Das Rheingold.

Die Walküre (val-kee-reh).

Part III. Siegfried.

Part IV. Die Götterdämmerung.

Tristan und Isolde.

Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg.

Parsifal, ein Bühnen weihfestspiel (Stageconsecrating Festival-play). Wallace.

Maritana.

Lurline.

Weber.

Der Freischütz (dare frigh-sheetz).

Euryanthe (u-ree-an'-the).

Oberon.

Several fragments of other operas, and pianoforte scores of two - Silvana and Abu Hassan-are in existence.

Winter.

Maria von Montalban.

Das unterbrochene Opferfest (Interrupted Sacrifice).

APPENDIX.

ADDITIONAL PROPER NAMES.

Adamowski, Timothee (a-dam-ōv-skee). Violinist; Poland. B. 1858. Allegri, Gregario (al-leh-gree).

Composer; Italy. B. 1584; d. 1662.

Allitsen, Frances (allit-sen).

Composer; England.

Arenski, A. S. (ah-ren-skee).

Composer; Russia. B. 1862; d. 1906.

Badarczewska, Thekla (ba-dark-zef-ska).

Composer; Poland. B. 1838; d. 1862.

Banister, H. C. Pedagog; England. B. 1831; d. 1897.

Bantock, Granville.

B. 1868.

Composer; England.

Beach, Mrs. H. H. A. (Amy M. Cheney).

Composer; U. S. A. B. 1867.

Buxtehude, Dietrich (bux-teh-höv-dah).

Organist; Denmark. B. 1639; d. 1707.

Calvé, Emma (cal-veh). Soprano; France.

B. 1864 (?).

Campanari, Giuseppe (cam-pa-nah-ree)..

Baritone; Italy. B. 1860.

Caruso, Enrico (en-ree-ko ca-rdo-so). Tenor; Italy. B. 1873.

Cavalieri, Emilio del (cah-vah-lee-ēh-ree).

Composer; Italy. B. 1550; d. 1599.

Chabrier, Alexis E. (sha-bree-eh). Composer; France. B. 1842.

Charpentier, Gustave (shar-pon-tu-eh). Composer; France. B. 1860. Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel. Anglo-African composer; England. B. 1875; d. 1912.

Cornelius, Peter. Composer; Germany. B. 1824.

Czibulka, Alphons (chee-bùl-ka). Composer; Hungary. B. 1844; d. 1894.

Damrosch, Frank. German-American Teacher; Germany. B. 1859. Debussy, Achille Claude (deh-boùs-see).

Composer; France. B. 1862.

Delius, Frederick. Composer; England.

B. 1863.

Denza, Luigi (dent-sa). Composer; Italy.

B. 1846.

Deppe, Ludwig (dep-pah). Pedagog; Germany. B. 1828; d. 1890. Dunstable, John of. Composer: England.

B. 1380 (?); d. 1453.

Elgar, Sir Edward William.

England. B. 1857.

Composer; Elman, Mischa. Violinist; Russia. B. 1891.

Engelmann, Hans. Composer; Germany.

B. 1872; d. 1914.

Fielitz, Alex. von. Composer; Germany.

B. 1860.

Franck, Cesar. Composer: Belgium. B. 1822; d. 1890.

Gabrilowitsch, Ossip (ga-bree-lo-vitch).

Pianist; Russia. B. 1878.

Gadski, Johanna E. A. (gadskee). Soprano; Germany. B. 1871.

Geibel, Adam. Composer; Germany. B. 1855.

German, Edward.

B. 1862.

Composer; England.

Glazounow, Alexander (gla-zov-nov). Composer; Russia. B. 1865. Godowski, Leopold (go-dòw-skee). Pianist and composer. B. 1870.

Guido d'Arezzo (gwee-dod'ah - ritz-so).

Theorist; Italy. B. 995 (?); d. 1050 (?).

Hadley, Henry K. Composer; U. S. A.

B. 1871.

Herbert, Victor. Composer; Ireland. B. 1859.

Holbrook, Joseph C. Composer; England.

B. 1878.

Holmes, Augusta Mary. Composer; France.

B. 1847; d. 1903.

Humperdinck, Engelbert (hum-per-dink).

Composer; Germany. B. 1854.

Kubelik, Johann (koo-beh-lik). Violinist; Bohemia. B. 1880.

Lack, Theodore. Composer; France. B. 1846.

Lehmann, Lilli (leh-man). Soprano; Germany. B. 1848. Lehmann, Liza. Composer; England. B. 1858.

Lemare, Edwin H. Organist; England.

B. 1865.

Leoncavallo, Ruggiero (leh-on-ca-vāllo).

Composer; Italy. B. 1858.

Mascagni, Pietro (mas-can-yee). Composer; Italy. B. 1863.

Melba, Nellie.

Soprano; Australia. B.

Nevin, Ethelbert. Composer; U. S. A. B. 1862; d. 1901.

Nikisch, Arthur.

B. 1855.

Norris, Homer A.

B. 1860.

APPENDIX (Continued).

Conductor; Hungary. | Schytte, Ludwig T. (skit-teh). Pianist and composer; Denmark. B. 1850; d. 1910.

Scriabine, Alexander (skree-a-bee-neh).

Pianist; Russia. B. 1872.

Composer; U. S. A.

Perosi, Don Lorenzo (peh-ro-see). poser; Italy. B. 1872.

Com- Powell, Maud. Violinist; U. S. A. B. 1868.

Puccini, Giacomo (put-chee-nee jah-co-mo).

Composer; Italy. B. 1858.

Rachmaninoff, Sergei. Composer; Russia.

B. 1873.

Reger, Max (reh-gehr). Composer; Germany. B. 1873.

Rimski-Korsakoff, Nikolas A. (rimskee-korsa-koff). Composer: Russia. B. 1844. Safonoff, Wassili. Conductor; Russia. B. 1852.

Sauer, Emil. Pianist; Germany. B. 1862.

Schradieck, Henry (shrah-deek). Violinist; Germany. B. 1846 Schumann-Heink, Ernestine.

Contralto; Germany. B. 1861.

Sgambati, Giovanni (sgam-bàh-tee). Pianist; B. 1843.

Sibelius, Jean (see-bee-lee-us). Composer; Finland. B. 1865.

Sinding, Christian. Composer; Norway.

B. 1056.

Smith, Wilson G. Composer; U. S. A. B. 1855.

Sousa, John Philip. Composer; U. S. A.

B. 1854.

Strauss, Richard (strows). Composer; Germany. B. 1864. Szumowska, Antoinette (Szumowska-Adamowski) (shoo-mor-ska). Pianist; Poland. B. 1868.

Tetrazzini, Luisa (te-traht-zèe-nee). Soprano; Italy. B. 1874.

Van der Stucken, Frank. Composer; U.

S. A. B. 1858.