Urban

the name of eight popes. Of these the most celebrated is Urban II. He was a native of France. He occupied the papal chair from 1088 to 1099. He preached the First Crusade. He attempted zealously to unite the Greek and Latin churches. He enforced the church laws and forbade priests to marry. He maintained stoutly the policy of his predecessor, Gregory VII, to make the appointment of bishops and election of the pope entirely independent of the Roman emperor.