Dual Personality
In every form of cerebral dissociation there is a disturbance of consciousness. Sometimes, and especially in the trance, there occurs what is known as "split consciousness," and the split may be so pronounced that the subject seems to have two or more distinct personalities. The secondary personality may differ from the primary in many ways, and possess entirely distinct intellectual and moral characteristics. The entranced subject may allude to his normal consciousness in the third person, may criticise its opinions and attitude, or even express direct antagonism towards it. The secondary personality sometimes alternates with the primary in such a way as to suggest that two spirits are struggling to possess the same physical organisation. Another peculiarity of this state is that whereas the normal consciousness generally knows nothing of the others, the secondary personalities have full knowledge of each other and of the normal conciousness. Dual personality is not confined to the trance state, but may arise spontaneously. R. L. Stevenson makes effective use of it in his Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.
Dŭguid, David: A Glasgow painting medium who achieved considerable success in his line. He was a cabinet-maker, who in 1866 found himself possessed of mediumistic faculties. At first an ordinary rapping medium, he speedily developed the power of painting in trance, even in the dark. A still higher stage of mediumship was reached when direct drawings were produced in his presence. These drawings, generally copies of Dutch masters, purporting to be done by the original artists, are said not to have been without some merit, apart from the fact that they were done in complete darkness. The two principal controls were Ruysdael and Steen. In 1869 control of the medium's organism was taken by Hafed, prince of Persia at the beginning of the Christian era, and Archmagus. Hafed related his many adventures through Duguid's mediumship in a series of sittings extending over some years. A Persian of princely birth, he had borne arms in his country's defence. After extensive travels, he was admitted to the magi, and ultimately became Archmagus. He was of those who bore rich gifts to Bethlehem at the birth of Christ. Finally he met his death in the arena at Rome. Hafed, Prince of Persia, was afterwards published in book form. (See Spiritualism). Duk-duk, The: Members of a secret society of New Pomerania, who are also called Spirits.