Belgrade
a city and capital of Serbia, on the right bank of the Danube in the angle formed by the junction of the Save with that river, consists of the citadel or upper town, on a rock 100 feet high; and the lower town, which partly surrounds it. Of late years buildings of the European type have multiplied, and the older ones suffered to fall into decay. The chief are the royal and episcopal palaces, the government buildings, the cathedral, barracks, bazars, National theater, and various educational institutions. Pop. about 91,000. It manufac tures carpets, silk stuffs, hardware, cutlery, and saddlery; and carries on an active trade. Being the key of Hungary, it was long an object of fierce contention between the Austrians and the Turks, remaining, however, for the most part, in the hands of the Turks until its evacuation by them in 1867. As a result of the treaty of Berlin (July, 1878) it became the capital of Serbia. In the World War (1914-1918) Belgrade suffered heavily from bombardments by the Austrians in 1914-1915-1916. The Austrians captured it twice and were driven out by Serbian troops, but with the help of Germans and Bulgars held it from the third year of the war to the close. See SERBIA; WORLD WAR.