Flute
in music, a popular instrument, the use of which, under various forms, may be traced to the most remote ages. Of its origin no direct account can be given. In its primitive state the flute was played like the modern flageolet, with a mouth-piece at the upper end; and from the shape of this mouth-piece, which resembled the beak of a bird, it received the name of flute à bec. In this form, with slight alterations, it continued until the beginning of the 18th century, when it was gradually superseded by the flauto traverso, or transverse flute, so called from its being blown at the side, and consequently held in a horizontal position.
At its introduction this instrument was about 18 inches in length, and had but one key. Shortly after, a movable headjoint was invented, its length being increased, and more keys added, some flutes at the present time having more than a dozen keys, and a few less than FLUXION six. By means of these they are able to execute any music, however chromatic, if within their compass, which extends new construction was invented by Mr.
In December, 1832, a flute of an entirely new construction was invented by Mr. in obscurity until 1837, when it was adopted and introduced to the French professors by Mr. Cadmus; but they con- sidered its adoption would be attended with too much trouble, in consequence of its having an open G-sharp key. This, however, was soon afterward remedied by Mr. Dorus, who put a shut G-sharp key in its place. It now became universally adopted. upright channel on In architecture, an up the shaft of a column, usually ending hemispherically at the top and bottom. In architecture, an upright channel on hemispherically at the top and bottom.
Their plane or horizontal section is some- Their plane or horizontal section is sometical, as in some examples of Grecian architecture. The Doric column has 20 flutes round its circumference; the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite have respectively 24. tively 24. flow or determination of blood or other FLUXION, in medicine, an unnatural humor toward any organ; a catarrh.
In mathematics, a method of calculation re resulting from the operation of fluents, or flowing numbers. tion resulting from the operation of most indiscriminately to all insects possessing wings; being often extended to all insects of the sub-order Diptera, and often also restricted to the family sessing a pair of veined and membranous wings, with two movable bodies called sessing a pair of veined and membranous hind them. The mouth is formed of between two and six setaceous pieces of hind them. The mouth is formed of beinclosed in a proboscis-like sheath, or covered by one or two laminæ, which form it. The head is globular or hemispherical. The mouth is only formed for transmitting fluids, and is consequently very delicate in structure. The sucker performs the part of a lancet, and pierces the envelope of vegetable or animal fluids, in order to allow of the fluid itself being transmitted up into the mouth of the insect. The antennæ are mal fluids, in order to allow of the fluid the base. Above the true wings of the insect and a little behind them, are the balancers or halteres; these are almost membranous, and are furnished with two little knobs at their extremities, which the base. Above the true wings of the insect and a little behind them, are the this class of insects are long and slender; and the feet, it is well known, are furnished with sk skinny palms, to enable them by means of the pressure of the atmos- In machinery, that part of a machine by means of the pressure of the atmosphere.
In machinery, that part of a machine which, being put in motion, regulates the printing, that part of the machinery of drawn, and to which the needle is atcompass on which the 32 points are tached underneath; the compass-card. In a printing press which withdraws the printing, that part of the machinery of sheet, and lays it aside after the impression is made. sores, represented in North America by about 30 species. As their name implies, the fly catchers prey on insects, which they seize in mid-air. They have the beak horizontally depressed, and armed with bristles at its base, with the point The value of the insectivorous family of birds to man is incalculable. One of the best types of fly catchers is that pre- The value of the insectivorous family of birds to man is incalculable. One of the best types of fly catchers is that preor Tyrannus Carolinensis. This bird is peculiar to America E. of the Rocky sented by the tyrant fly catcher, king or Tyrannus Carolinensis. This bird is Mountains. It is 8 inches in length, and peculiar to America E. of the Rocky 14 in extent of wing. The general color inclining to dull slate-black, on the head of the upper parts is a dark bluish-gray, of which the central feathers along the crown form a gorgeous orange patch.
The European species, Muscicapa grisola, the beam bird or bee bird, is distinguished from any other by having much more slender bills, with shorter bristles guished from any other by having much at the gape.
FLYING SQUIRREL FLYING SQUIRREL a structure in the form of an arch, spanning the roof of an aisle between an outer buttress and the wall of the nave.
It assists in resisting the thrust of the roof.
FLYING FISH