Gallican Church
the distinctive title of the Roman Catholic Church in France. It is the Church of France, GALLEY. (1) A low, flat-built vessel with one or more rows or banks of oars, said to have been invented by the Corinthians in 700 B. C. The biremes, triremes, quinqueremes, etc., were galleys having so many banks of oars-two, considered less in relation to geographithree, five, etc. The pentecontori had 50 cal boundaries than in its constitution oars in a single tier. (2) A clinker-built and principles of church government. boat for ship's use, from 28 to 36 feet The Christian faith was widely diffused long, and with a beam equal to one-fifth in France or Gaul, even during the lifeof its length. It is light and sharp, carrying from 10 to 12 oars, and is used for speedy rowing on expeditions. It usually has six alternate oars rowed by a picked crew. (3) An open boat used on the Thames by English custom house officers, river police, and formerly by press gangs, etc. (4) The cook house on board ship, which is on deck, or in a forward part of the vessel. In distilling, a gallery furnace. In printing, an oblong composing-stick, and on which it is arranged in a column or page. The galley sometimes has a groove to admit a false bottom, called a galley slice. time of the apostles; and it especially flourished among the descendants of the Greek colonies of the S., and in the numerous towns and cities on the Rhône and its confluent rivers. The Church of Gaul numbers several eminent names in the literature of the 3d, 4th, and 5th centuries. The works of Irenæus, Bishop of Lyons, are among the most important for the history of doctrine of all the early patristic remains; and in the foltray which receives matter from the lowing century Sulpicius Severus, Hilary of Poitiers, Hilary of Arles, Vincent of Lerins, Prosper, Victor, Eucherius, Salvian, and Gregory of Tours combine to form a body of literature of which the later modern representatives of the French Church are reasonably proud.
The hierarchical organization also of the Church of Gaul was, at a very early period, among the most complete and regular throughout the churches of Western Christendom. The Gallican Church underwent very extensive modifications at the close of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, not merely by by the enactment of what was called the "civil constitution of the clergy," and which introduced into the constitution of the Church a large infusion of the Presbyterian, and even the Congregational element, but by the concordat of Pius VII. with Bonaparte as First Consul, which reduced the number of sees, diminished the number of festivals, and confirmed the suppression of the ancient religious establishments, and_confiscation of the church property. Under the Third Republic successive French Governments became more and more aggressive in their attitude toward the Church. This attitude eventually led to the suppression of the religious congregations, the confiscation of their property, and the repeal of the Concordat, absolutely separating Church and State.
As a result of the World War, however,