Jiddah
or JEDDAH, a seaport of the Hedjaz, Arabia; on the Red Sea, about 65 miles W. of Mecca. It owes its importance to the fact that it is the port of Mecca, and consequently the place of disembarkation for pilgrims bound for the Holy City.
JIHAD or JEHAD (jē-had'), a holy war proclaimed by the Mussulmans JOACHIMSTAL against Christians. The Sheeahs do not consider it legitimate to do this. The Soonees reserve the measure for great emergencies. Fanatics attempted to set one on foot in India in 1877. Sheik ul Islam, at Constantinople, proclaimed one against the Russians about 1877. Another was proclaimed after Turkey entered the World War in 1915, but it was a failure.
JIMENEZ (Hēmā-nēz), a town of Chihuahua, Mexico, on an affluent of the Conchos river, 271 miles S. of El Paso, and 125 miles S. E. of Chihuahua city.
The output of the Parral mining district, 50 miles W., is shipped here.
JIMMU-TENNO (jim'mö-ten'nō) ("Jimmu the emperor"), the supposed founder of the present Japanese dynasty, 5th in descent from the sun, and said to have ascended the throne in 660 B. C., the year from which the national records are dated. The national holiday, Feb. 11, is devoted to his worship. a car- JINRIKISHA (-rik'-) ("manpower vehicle"), light, two-wheeled riage, resembling a gig, containing one or two persons, and drawn by a human runner between the shafts, universally used in Japan. It dates from about 1868. The fare is from two to five cents a mile.
JITOMIR, (zhitom'er), formerly capital of the Government of Volhynia, Russia; now in the Republic of Ukraine, on the Tetereff; is an ancient Lithuanian city. Pop., about 100,000. or