Jowett
BENJAMIN, an English scholar; born in Camberwell, London, England, in 1817. He studied at Oxford, was elected to a fellowship in 1838, and became Regius Professor of Greek in 1855. In 1855 he published a commentary on the Epistles of St. Paul. In 1860 appeared his essay on the "Interpretation of Scripture" in the celebrated "Essays and Reviews," for which he was tried on a charge of heresy before the chancellor's court, but was acquitted. In 1870 he became master of Balliol, and in 1871 published his most important work, a translation of the "Dialogues" of Plato.
He published translations of Thucydides (1881) and the "Politics" of Aristotle (1885). In 1882 he was elected vicechancellor of the university. He died Oct. 1, 1893.
JUAN II., DON (Hö-än), a natural son of Philip IV. of Spain, and of Maria Calderona, an actress; born in 1629; made grand prior of Castile; commanded the Spanish army in Italy in 1647, and took the city of Naples; subjugated Barcelona in 1652, but, being afterward unsuccessful, was exiled. Under Charles II. he was recalled to Madrid, made prime minister, and died in 1679.
JUAN DE FUCA (dā fökä), or FUCA, STRAIT OF, the strait between Vancouver Island and the State of Washington on the W. coast of North America.
JUAN FERNANDEZ (fer-nän'deth), called also Mas-a-tierra ("nearer the are mainland"), a rocky island in the Pacific Ocean, 420 miles W. of Valparaiso, Chile, to which it belongs. It is 13 miles long and four broad, and is for the most part a series of rocky peaks of volcanic origin, the highest of which, Yunque, is 3,000 feet above sea-level. The trees are mostly ferns. The sandal-wood trees nearly all exterminated. Horses, pigs, and goats run wild. The island was discovered by the Spaniard whose name it bears in 1563, and was frequently visited by buccaneers down to its occupation by the Spaniards in 1750. Here Alexander Selkirk, a buccaneer, a native of the Scotch fishing village of Largs, lived in solitude, 1704-1709. His story is supposed to have suggested the "Robinson Crusoe" of Defoe. When Spain lost her South American colonies Juan Fernandez fell to Chile, which used it as a penal settlement, 1819-1835. It is usually in- JUAREZ habited by a few Chilean seal and sealion hunters; and in 1877 it was leased by the Chilean government to a Swiss, who established a small colony there.
Cruz,