Lard
the fat of the hog. Till after the first quarter of the 19th century lard was used only for culinary purposes and as the base of various ointments in medical use. Then large quantities were pressed at a low temperature, by which the stearine and oleine were separated.
The former was used for candle-making; and the latter soon became an important article of commerce under the name "lard oil," a valuable lubricant for machinery.
See STEARINE.