Nara
a city of Japan, the capital of the prefecture of the same name. In the 8th century it was the capital of Japan.
It has many interesting temples. There are manufactories of ink, fans, and toys.
Pop. about 35,000.
Austria and Sardinia, and Napoleon of the fortifications has been an improvetook up arms in favor of his Italian ally, Victor Emanuel. The allies defeated unattractive, with only three noteworthy the Austrians at Montebello, Magenta, Marignano, and Solferino. In 1861 France, England, and Spain agreed to dispatch a joint expedition to Mexico for the purpose of exacting redress of injuries, but the English and Spaniards soon withdrew. The French continued the quarrel, and an imperial form of government was initiated, Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, being placed at its head with the title of emperor. Napoleon, however, withdrew his army in 1867, and the unfortunate Maximilian, left to himself, was captured and shot. On the conclusion of the Austro-Prussian war of 1866, Napoleon, jealous of the growing power of Prussia, demanded a reconstruction of frontier, which peremptorily refused. The ill-feeling bewas tween the two nations was increased by various causes, and in 1870, on the Spanish crown being offered to Leopold of Hohenzollern, Napoleon demanded that the King of Prussia should compel that prince to refuse it. Notwithstanding the subsequent renunciation of the crown by Leopold, war was declared by France, July 19. The war was a decisive one, and on July 28 Napoleon set out to take the chief command, and on Sept. 2, the army with which he was present was compelled to surrender at Sedan. One of the immediate consequences of this disaster was a revolution in Paris. The empress and her son secretly quitted