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Projectiles (THEORY OF the necesary)

THEORY OF the necesary legislation to bring the District of Columbia over into dry territory. Meanwhile, also, on Sept. 8, 1917, war prohibition was instituted, forbidding the further manufacture of spirituous liquors, with the exception of beer and the lighter wines, this modification being made through the personal influence of President Wilson. Another important piece of legislation passed in 1917 was the Reed Amendment to the Bankhead Bill, going into effect July 1, which forbade the shipment of liquors into States where prohibition legislation had already been enacted.

During 1918 the national amendment for prohibition was ratified by the legislatures of 15 States, though only 11 of these were in regular session, indicating that special sessions had been called in four cases. Five new States were also added to the completely dry list: Florida, Nevada, Ohio, and Wyoming, these by constitutional amendments, and Texas, by a statutory measure. Minnesota was only saved from going dry by the fact that the majority of 16,000 voters who voted in favor of it were not a majority of the general electorate, the law being that a majority of the voters in the State must pass it, and not a majority of those who voted specially for the measure. Porto Rico and Alaska, of the outlying possessions, also went dry.

On Jan. 16, 1919, the required ratification of three-fourths of the States was secured by the act of the Nebraska Legislature, and on January 29 the amendment to the Constitution of the United States, declaring illegal the manufacture and sale of all alcoholic liquors, was adopted and incorporated within the basic laws of the nation, to take effect on Jan. 16, 1920. Eventually the amend- States. passed laws granting suffrage to women, ment was ratified by all except three the political power of the Prohibition movement also grew.

To the above States, which had passed prohibition laws, should be added those which passed local option laws; legislation allowing each community to decide for itself the question of whether prohibition should prevail in its own domain. These were Delaware, Alabama and Kentucky. Altogether there were in 1915 only three States which had not passed some kind of legislation against intoxicating liquors, these three being Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Nevada.

Early in 1917 a constitutional amendment was presented to Congress, but failed to pass by the necessary twothirds majority. On December 17, 1917, it was again presented, and this time it passed both the House and the Senate.

On Nov. 1, 1917, Congress enacted