Home › S › Socialism (INTERNATIONAL first assumed)

Socialism (INTERNATIONAL first assumed)

INTERNATIONAL, first assumed form in the International Workingmen's Association. organized in Paris, in 1864, of which Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and Michael Bakunin were the leaders. It never prospered, and its headquarters were, a few years later, removed to New York, where it gradually faded out of existence. The second international organization of Socialists was effected, temporarily in 1889, when the political Socialist parties of all countries began holding their international congresses. A permanent Bureau was finally formed in 1900, with headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. This was removed to the Hague at the outbreak of the World War, in 1914, but for the entire duration of the war remained inactive.

It was revived at Berne, in February, 1919. In March, 1919, a Third International was formed in Moscow , which repudiated political action and declared itself for violent revolution. (See So- CIALISM.)