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Supremacy (PAPAL the authority partly)

PAPAL, the authority, partly spiritual and partly temporal, which the Pope, as Bishop Bishop of Rome and successor of St. Peter, claims to exercise over the clergy, and, th through them, over SUPREME COUNCIL SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE. In January, 1919, when the representatives of the Allied Powers and those nations which had been associated with them in the war against the Central Empires, assembled in Paris to draft the terms of peace, the delegates of the four powers, England, the United States, France and Italy, assumed the function of a committee to arrange preliminaries. Later, the delegates of Japan were allowed to join this conclave. This supreme council became known as the Big Five, or, more officially, as the Council of Ten. It at once began its task of arranging preliminaries; decisions and communiques were issued in its name, and it drafted the rules which were later to guide the main conference. It also assumed the power to fix the representation of the various states which were to participate.

Its sessions were held in secret and its proceedings carefully withheld from the public. The members of the Council were:

Representing the United States, President Woodrow Wilson; Robert Lansing, Secretary of State; Henry White, ex- Ambassador to Rome and Paris; Col.

Edward M. House, and General Tasker H. Bliss.

Representing Great Britain, David reached its highest point in the reign of Lloyd George, British Premier; Andrew the laity, of the whole world. The development of this supremacy dates from the time when Christianity became the State religion of the Roman empire under Constantine. Its influence was great in England under the Norman kings, and John (1199-1216), from which period it began to decline, and received its death blow from the Act of Supremacy, in the reign of Henry VIII.