Tiberius
CLAUDIUS NERO CÆSAR, a Roman emperor; born Nov. 16, 42 B. C.; was the son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla, who became the wife of Octavianus Cæsar in 38 в. c. Tiberius and his brother Drusus were brought up in the household of their stepfather, who from the year 27 в. c. was the Emperor Augustus. They were early initiated into public affairs, and in 16-15 B. C., at the head of a Roman army, subdued the Rhæti and Vindelici.
Tiberius now returned to Rome to celebrate his first triumph, and in 13 B. C. was appointed consul together with P.
Quintilius Varus. Meanwhile, Drusus carried on the war in Germany with great charge of city schools in Ohio, Michigan success, but died in 9 B. C., in conseand Wisconsin for many years; Professor quence of a fall from his horse. Tiof Philosophy and Literature in Parks berius hastened to Germany, and, after College for six years; held the same chair having carried his brother's body to at Salt Lake College for three years; and Rome, returned and prosecuted the war was president of the Utah State Chris- with great vigor. In 7 B. C., having led tian Endeavor Union in 1897-1898. He his army across the Rhine into the counconducted extensive mining operations, try already half conquered by Drusus, he and contributed to literary and educa tional magazines.
TIBER (Italian, Tevere; Latin, Tiberis), the chief river of central Italy, and the most famous in the peninsula.
It rises in a dell of the Tuscan Apennines (province Arezzo), about 11 miles N. of the village of Pieve Santo Stefano. Its course till it reaches Perugia is S. S. E.; thence, as far as Rome, it pursues, along an irregular zigzag line, a S. direction; but when it enters the plain of the Campagna it curves S. S. W.. and enters returned to Rome, becoming consul for the second time, and celebrating his triumph in the same year. In 12 B. c. he had been compelled by Augustus to divorce his wife, Vipsania Agrippina, and become the third husband of his infamous daughter Julia; but, disgusted by her profligacy, and by Augustus having appointed as his successors Caius and Lucius Cæsar, her two sons by her second husband, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, he voluntarily retired to Rhodes in 6 в. c., where he passed seven years in seclusion.
TIBERIUS He returned to Rome A. D. 2, in which his way to Spain, while his brother Caius died a year and a half later in the East from a wound which he had received in the Parthian war. Tiberius was accordingly adopted by Augustus as his successor in A. D. 4. In the same year he led an army into Germany, marched to the Elbe, and defeated the Sigambri, Brucrevolt in Pannonia and Dalmatia procured for him the honor of a third tricured for him the honor of a third triumph. He was now sent once more against the Germans, who, under their great chief Arminius, had cut off Quin- tilius Varus, with three legions. Accompanied by the young Germanicus, he crossed the Rhine, and during the years A. D. 11 and 12 traversed the countries E. of that river. On the death of Augustus, in 14, Tiberius became emperor. He was much respected for the dignity of his demeanor and reputed virtue. For some years he affected to take no active part in public affairs, while he gradually destroyed the last remnants of the ancient republic, abolishing the "comitia," and transferring the election of public officers to the subservient senate. After the death of Germanicus in 19, not with out suspicion of poisoning, Tiberius was much plotted against, which caused him to become gloomy and depressed in mind.
In his 67th year he retired to the Is- In his 67th year he retired to the Ising to Ælius Sejanus, commander of the Prætorian guards, the direction of public affairs, and a long and uniform series of cruelties followed. Awakened at last to the ambitious schemes of his favorite, Tiberius ordered the senate to condemn Sejanus, and the latter, with his family and friends, was put to death in 31. Some time after this, Tiberius took up his resiand friends, was put to death in 31. Some time after this, Tiberius took up his resihe plunged himself into the most disgusting debauchery. On March 16, A. D. 37, he fell into a and lieved to be dead, Caligula was proclaimed emperor.
Tiberius, however, recovered, but he was suffocated in his bed by Macro, to save himself and the young emperor. The elaborate picture of the emperor given in the first six books of the "Annals of Tacitus" can hardly be considered a fair representation of his character. That Tiberius was a brave and skillful soldier and a careful financier considered a fair representation of his popular at Rome, he was regarded by the and skillful soldier and a careful financier ruler. Perhaps a taint of the insanity which was characteristic of the Claudian house, and a vein of superstition and ful acts of his later years.
TIBERIUS II., one of the most virtuous emperors of Constantinople, was a native TIBERIUS CONSTANTINE, called ful acts of his later years.