Vein
in anatomy, one of a number of thin ramifying elastic tubes arising in the extremities of the body, and proceeding by a more or less direct course to the heart, to which they carry back the blood sent forth by the arteries and transferred to them by the capillaries connecting the two kinds of vessels.
They fall under three great divisions: the pulmonary, the systemic veins, and those constituting the portal portal system. The pulmonary veins consist of four short venous trunks which carry the red blood back from the lungs to the left side of the heart, and which are found two on each side in the root of the corresponding lung. The systemic veins arise by small branches, which receive the blood from the capillaries throughout the body, and uniting to form larger vessels and then two large venous trunks, the superior and inferior venæ cavæ, finally enter the right auricle of the heart, into which the coronary veins also conduct the blood which nourishes that organ itself. These systemic veins are naturally divided into two groups according to heart. The veins of the head, the neck, the upper limbs, the spine, the heart, and part of the walls of the thorax and abof food leads to the study of equally im- the channel by which they enter the portant laws. Eggs, milk, cheese, butter (animal products) differ from the carcasses of slaughtered animals. Many of the arguments against the use of flesh do not apply to the use of fish.
Vegetarianism has spread so extensively that in addition to its pledged adherents it has a still greater number who practice abstinence from flesh to a greater or lesser degree in obedience to medical advice, for the curing or relieving of disorders of digestion, gout, and rheumatism. The Catholic Church enjoins abstinence from flesh during Lent, and on some other days during the year.
Many religious orders (e. g., the Trappists) abstain wholly from flesh.
Brahmins also abstain from flesh and eggs. The Vegetarian Federal Union was formed in 1889. It offices are in London. To it are affiliated the Vegetarian Society, the London Vegetarian Society, a considerable number of other English societies, and those of the United States (founded in 1850), Germany, and Australia. An international congress was held in Cologne in 1889, and in London in 1890. There are now vegetarian restaurants in many large towns.
VEII (vē'yī), an ancient city of ETRURIA (q. v.); in early times the formidable rival of Rome. supposed to have domen, make their entrance into the right auricle by the superior vena cava, while those of the lower part of the trunk and the abdominal viscera do so by the ineferior vena cava. The veins of the portal system bring back the blood from the stomach, the intestines, the spleen, and the pancreas; then joining, they form the great portal vein which ramifies in the surface of the liver, after the manner of an artery, before finally entering the heart by the inferior vena cava.
In geology, a crack in a rock filled up by substances different from the rock.
These may be either earthy or metallic.
In very many cases the fissures have been produced by volcanic or earthquake action, and they often coincide with faults. Water descending by these fissures to unknown depths has been raised to so high a temperature that it has become capable of holding in solution various metallic and other mineral substances. As the water has cooled it has gradually deposited these matters held in solution, not doing so simultaneously, but in succession. Metalliferous veins vary greatly in width, being sometimes a few inches, frequently three or four VEIT feet, and sometimes much more. The thinner portions often branch off into the veins of an animal, whence their name. Sometimes part of the material filling veins has fallen in from above or been segregated from the rocks con- stituting the sides of the fissure. They are often parallel, are associated with dykes, and are more common in the palæozoic than in more modern strata. They vary in age, and not infrequently one crosses another. In mining, a lead or lode of ore-bearing rock, alive or dead; that is, containing ore or not; also a seam of metalliferous matter filling up a former fissure in rock.