Vicksburg
a city and county-seat of Warren co., Miss.; on the Mississippi river, about 1 mile S. of the mouth of the Yazoo, and on the Yazoo and Mississippi, the Alabama and Vicksburg, and the Vicksburg, Shreveport, and Pacific railroads; 45 miles W. of Jackson. The site is elevated and uneven, but in the midst of beautiful scenery.
Here are St. Francis Xavier's Academy, St. Aloysius' Commercial College, Charity Hospital, waterworks, electric lights, National cemetery (in the suba urbs) where 17,000 Union dead are buried, court house, a United States government building, National and State banks, and a number of daily and weekly newspapers. Vicksburg is a port of entry, and has an extensive trade in cotton, of which it ships about 90,000 bales annually. It has railroad car shops, foundries, cotton-seed oil and lumber mills, and many smaller industries. During the Civil War Vicksburg was strongly fortified by the Confederates, who several times repulsed land and naval attacks, but were forced to surrender to General Grant, July 4, 1863, after a long siege. In 1876 the river cut through a neck of land, making the city island. Since then the National an VICTOR EMANUEL II.
Government has been restoring the harbor at a cost of about $1,250,000. Pop. (1910) 20,814; (1920) 18,072.
VICTOR AMADEUS I., Duke of Savoy; born in 1587, son of Charles Emmanuel I., and crowned 1630. He married the sister of Louis XIII. of France, and in his later years commanded the forces of that sovereign in his Italian wars. He died in 1637.
VICTOR AMADEUS II., Duke of Savoy, and first King of Sardinia; born in 1666; succeeded his father in the duchy, in 1675. He married Maria d'Orleans, niece of Louis XIV., but entered, nevertheless, on a tortuous policy, which involved him in a war with that monarch. Having acquired Sicily, he exchanged that kingdom in 1718, for Sardinia, by treaty with the emperor. He died in 1732, two years after his abdication in favor of his son. VICTOR AMADEUS III., son and successor of Charles Emmanuel III.; born in 1726, ascended the throne in 1773. He founded the Academy of Sciences at Turin, and exhibited the utmost anxiety for the welfare of his subjects. His hostility to the revolution in France provoked a contest with that country, in which his throne fell by the arms of Bonaparte. He died in 1796.
VICTOR EMMANUEL I., King of Sardinia, son of Victor Amadeus III.; born in 1759, succeeded his brother, Charles Emmanuel IV., 1802, abdicated during a revolt, 1821, and died in 1824.
VICTOR EMMANUEL II., King of Italy, son of Charles Albert, King of Sardinia; born in Turin, Italy, March 14, 14, 1820. While heir apparent, he fought in the campaign against the Austrians, which, terminating in the disastrous battle of Novara, caused his father to abdicate. He became king in 1849, under the most unfavorable circumstances, for he had to avert the consequences of a most disastrous war, to allay faction, and to preserve the constitution; to annul which, it is said, Austria endeavored to bribe him with the offer of Parma. On securing the services of eminent statesmen, and chiefly of the illustrious Cavour, he obtained a treaty of peace with Austria on comparatively easy terms, terms, and undertook the complete reorganization of finances, the army, and the system of public education. After forming a close alliance with France, Victor Emmanuel, in 1859, again engaged in a war with Austria, which power, after being totally defeated in a short campaign, abandoned Lombardy to the Italians. In 1861, VICTOR EMMANUEL III.
Victor Emmanuel was proclaimed King of Italy. In 1866, as the ally of Prussia, his army was defeated at Custozza, and his fleet at Lissa; but the success of the Prussians at Sadowa restored Venetia to Italy, the unification of which kingdom Victor Emmanuel completed in 1870, by making Rome his capital. The personal character of the first King of Italy bore a close resemblance to that of Henry King of France, like that monarch he possessed a bonhomie VICTOR EMMANUEL II. which rendered him popular among all classes of his subjects. Like Henry Quatre, too, Victor Emmanuel II. on several fields of battle displayed an almost reckless bravery; while his penchant for the fair sex was as notorious as that of his illustrious prototype. Victor Emmanuel died in Rome, Jan. 9, 1878, and was succeeded by his son Humbert.
VICTOR EMMANUEL III., King of Italy, born in Naples, in 1869, the son of King Humbert. After the assassination of his father by a fanatic he ascended the throne of Italy, on Nov. 11, 1900. In 1887 he entered the Army as a second lieutenant, becoming a colonel in 1890, when he was given command of First Italian Infantry at Naples. In 1896 he married Princess Helene, the daughter of Prince Nicholas, ruler of Montenegro, by whom he had four daughters and a son, the latter the present heir apparent, Prince Umberto, born in 1904. In spite of small size and insignificant appearance, King Victor has been very popular among the masses on account of his democratic manners and the obviously sincere interest he takes in the welfare of the VICTORIA people as a whole, notable in his fair attitude toward the labor organizations during the labor troubles in 1920.