Whistler
JAMES ABBOT MC- NEILL, an American painter; born in WHISTLER Lowell, Mass., in 1834; studied for a time at the United States Military Academy; next went to Paris, worked for two years in the studio of Gleyre, and afterward settled in London. In 1884 he became a member of the Society of British Artists, of which he was president from 1886 to 1889. In France he received a medal (3d class) at the Salon of 1883, a gold medal at the Exposition of 1889, and was "Hors Concours" at the Salon in 1892; and he was made Chevalier (1889) and Officer (1891) of the Legion of Honor. In 1889 he was elected a member of the Munich Academy, and received the Cross of the Order of St. Michael; and in 1900 he took the highest prize at the Exposition Universelle, in Paris.
In 1859 he began to exhibit in the Royal Academy, showing "Two Etchings from Nature," which were followed in 1860 by five dry-point portraits and etchings of Thames subjects, and an oil picture of a mother and child "At the Piano." He exhibited frequently in the Salon, the Academy, the Grosvenor Gallery, the Society of British Artists, and in 1874 and 1892 held exhibitions of his paintings in London.
The finest of his oil pictures are "The Artist's Mother-an arrangement in Black and Gray," shown in the Royal Academy of 1872, awarded a gold medal in the Salon of 1884, and purchased for the Luxembourg Gallery in 1891; the "Portrait of Thomas Carlyle," shown in the artist's exhibition of 1874, and purchased by the Glasgow Corporation in 1891; and the "Portrait of Miss Alexander-Harmony in Gray and Green." In addition to many other portraits, such as those of Señor Sarasate, Miss Rosa Corder, Irving as Philip II., and Lady Archibald Campbell, he produced some fascinating figure subjects and views on the Thames, etc., in oils. He was also a skillful worker in pastels on tinted paper; while as a purely decorative artist he is known by the "Peacock Room," painted in 1877 in Mr. Leyland's house at Prince's Gate, London, and by the "Music Room," in Señor Sarasate's residence in Paris. His etchings include: "The French Set," (13) subjects, Paris, 1858); the "Thames Set" (16 subjects, London, 1871); the "First Venice Set" (12 plates, London, 1880); the "Second Venice Set" (26 plates, 1886). Whistler's art is original and individual. On Feb. 11, 1902, the Philadelphia Academy of Fine Arts awarded him its Gold Medal of Honor.
Whistler was one of the greatest painters of the later 19th century. He died in London, England, July 17, 1903. ad town of England, in the North Riding WHITBY, a seaport and marketswing bridge; 16 miles from Scarbor- forms the harbor, and is crossed by a of Yorkshire; on the Esk river, which town of England, in the North Riding of Yorkshire; on the Esk river, which forms the harbor, and is crossed by a Jet is collected here. Whitby was several times bombarded by German cruiing of ships, and commodious dry docks. Jet is collected here. Whitby was several times bombarded by German cruisers during the World War. Pop. about 12,000.
N. Y., Nov. 7, 1832. He was graduated American diplomatist; born in Homer, N. Y., Nov. 7, 1832. He was graduated at Yale in 1853; traveled in Europe; studied at France, 1853-1854; attaché to legation of 1855; studied in the University of Ber- the United States, St. Petersburg, 1854lin, 1855-1856; Professor of History and lin, 1855-1856; Professor of History and ANDREW DICKSON WHITE English Literature University of Michigan, 1857-1863; returned to Syracuse and elected State Senator, in which capacity (1863-1867) he introduced reports and bills codifying the schools laws, creating a new system of normal schools, establishing a new health board in the city of New York, and incorporating first president of that university, 1866; visited Europe to purchase books and apparatus therefor, and make special study of European educational methods; has in addition to the presidency filled study of European educational methods; pointed by President Grant commisthe chair of modern history; was ap- has in addition to the presidency filled WHITE port on question of annexation, 1871; by the State of New York commissioner to Paris Exposition, 1878; by President Hayes minister to Berlin, 1879-1881; by President Harrison minister to St. Petersburg, and continued under President President Cleveland member of the Ve- Cleveland, 1892-1894; appointed by President Cleveland member of the Vesador to Berlin under President Mc- nezuelan Commission, 1895-1896; ambassador to Berlin under President Mc- Kinley, 1897; president of the American delegation to the Intern Congress at The Hague in 1899. Mr. delegation to the International Peace White was a regent of the Smithsonian Institution and an officer of the Legion of Honor of France. His principal works Institution and an officer of the Legion of "History of the Warfare of Science with are: "The Warfare of Science" (1876); Theology in Christendom" (1897); "Euare: "The Warfare of Science" (1876); ropean Schools of History"; "The New Germany"; "The Work of Benjamin Hale" (1911). He died in 1918.