Widdin
a town and fortress of from the Serbian frontier, and 130 miles E. S. E. of Belgrade. It is the seat of a Greek bishop, and has an important citadel. The difficulty of attacking the fortress is greatly inc swampy character of the ground. It fortress is greatly increased by the flat, citadel. The difficulty of attacking the Greek bishop, and has an important increased by the flat, saddles, and has considerable fishery, and trade in rock salt, corn, wine, and agri- 1801 it was the scene of the defeat of the Hospodar Michael Sutsos by Paswan principally Jews and Bulgarians. Wid- Oglu, and here in October, 1853, Omer din is the Bononia of the Romans. In Pasha began the hostilities against Russia by crossing the Danube and occupybattles in the neighborhood between the battles in the neighborhood between the Turks and Russians, the 6 and 19, 1854. In the war of 1877-1878 Widdin was occupied by 10,000 Turks. 6 and 19, 1854. In the war of 1877-1878 Osman Pasha was commandant, and it was from Widdin he made his unexpected Osman Pasha was commandant, and it march to Plevna-the scene of his victories, and his heroic defense. By the Berlin treaty of July 13, 1878, it became victories, and his heroic defense. By the march to Plevna-the scene of his early part of Bulgaria. Pop. about 17,500. his early the chief on April American capitalist; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Nov. 13, 1834; was early engaged in the meat business, in which he acquired a large fortune. Turning his attention to politics he was appointed to fill out the unexpired term of Joseph F. attention to politics he was appointed to acquired a large fortune. Turning his in 1873, and in 1874 was elected for a full term. He became president of the West Philadelphia Passenger Railway Company, vice-president of the Union Passenger and the Companies; a director of the Continental the Philadelphia Traction and Empire Passenger Companies; and in 1902 was head of a syndicate organized to acquire large street railroad interests in New York C gave his city residence in Philadelphia, valued at $600,000, for a branch of the City. In 1897, he gave his city residence in Philadelphia, terests in New York City. In 1897, he a collection of 500 rare books valued at $28,000 to the library; and in 1899 undertook the erection and endowment of a combined home, hospital and industrial school, in Philadelphia, at a cost of $2,000,000. He died in 1915. part of Bulgaria. Pop. about 17,500.
Germany, Sept. 5, 1733; was educated at the University of Tübingen; appointed