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New Mode of Removing Rust

Plunge the article in a bath of 1 pint hydrochloric (muriatic) acid diluted with 1 quart water. Leave it there 24 hours; then take it out and rub well with a scrubbing-brush. The oxide will come off like dirt under the action of soap. Should any still remain, as is likely, in the corroded parts, return the metal to the bath for a few hours more, and repeat the scrubbing. The metal will present the ap- 3312. Το Granulate Zinc. Granulated zinc is obtained by pouring the molten metal into a warm mortar and triturating vigorously, with an iron pestle, until it solidifies. (See No. 3311.) 3313. Το Color Metals. Make a solution of 4 ounces hyposulphite of soda in 1 pints of water, and add a solution of 1 ounce acetate of lead in the same quantity of water.

Articles to be colored are placed in the mixture, which is then gradually heated to a boiling point. The effect of this solution is pearance of dull lead. It must then be well to give iron the effect of blue steel, zinc bewashed in plain water several times, and comes bronze, and copper or brass becomes thoroughly dried before a fire. Lastly, a successively yellowish red, scarlet, deep blue, little rubbing with oil and fine emery powder blueish white, and finally white with a tinge will restore the polish. Should oil or grease of rose. This solution has no effect on lead have mingled with the rust, it will be neces- or tin. By replacing the acetate of lead in sary to remove it by a hot solution of soda the solution with sulphate of copper, brass before submitting the metal to the acid. This becomes of a fine rosy tint, then green, and last attacks the rust alone, without injuring finally, of an iridescent brown color. Zinc the steel; but the washing in plain water is all-important, as, after the process, the metal will absorb oxygen from the atmosphere freely if any trace of the acid be allowed to remain. lead and copper, it becomes covered with: Zinc. Zinc is a blueish white metal, does not color in this solution, it throws down a precipitate of brown sulphuret of copper; but if boiled in a solution containing both black crust, which may be improved by a thin coating of wax. (See No. 3188.)

having a specific gravity of 6.8 to 7.2; tough when cold, ductile and malleable at from 250° to 300° Fahr., brittle and easily whiteness and lustre. When pure, it pulverized at 500°; fuses at 773°, and sub- is very malleable; is harder than lead; melts limes unchanged at a white heat, in close at 4420 Fahr., and volatilizes at a white heat. vessels. It is scarcely affected by exposure Its specific gravity is 7.29 to 7.31. This metto air and moisture; hence its general use in al is decomposed by nitric, sulphuric, and the arts for the manufacture of vessels of muriatic acids; and may be combined and capacity, tubing, &c., that require lightness alloyed with most of the useful metals. Tin and durability. Acids, even diluted, attack occurs in nature in the state of the oxide, and zinc rapidly. It is also soluble in caustic sometimes as sulphuret (tin pyrites.) In alkalies. Heated to whiteness, 9410 Fahr., Cornwall, England, it is found under the name in contact with the air, it burns with great of tin-stone, associated with copper ore, in brilliancy, and is converted into oxide, the slate or granite rocks; and as an alluvial NICKEL. deposit (stream tin) in the beds of rivers. | stream, from a height of about 3 feet, into the A pure article of tin comes from Banca. The cold water. metal is obtained from the ore, first reduced around in a small circle, when pouring, for if The ladle should be moved to powder in stamping mills, washed to re- the whole of the melted tin strikes the water move earthy matter, and then roasted to at one point, it will cool in lumps, and reexpel arsenic and sulphur; it is then deoxiquire remelting. The feathered tin is to bo dized or reduced by smelting with about its preserved in wooden boxes, the bottoms of weight of powdered culm (a kind of coal which are perforated with small holes; or, found in Wales), and a little slacked lime; it is next refined by liquation (sce No. 21), followed by a second smelting of the purer portion; it is then, while in a state of fusion, stirred with billets of green wood, allowed to settle, and cast into moulds. The product is termed refined or block-tin. Tin produces a what is better, kept in unglazed stoneware flower-pots. Solutions of tin containing iron or copper, or their salts, aro unfit for dyeing bright reds. (See Nos. 107, &c.) lized Tin. A method of ornamenting the 3320. Moire Metallique, or Crystalsurface of tin plate by acids. The plates are peculiar crackling noise when bent; in this washed with an alkaline solution, then in manner pure tin foil may be distinguished water, heated, and sponged or sprinkled with from the so-called tin foil in general use, the acid solution. The appearance varies which consists of lead with a tin surface only. with the degree of heat and the nature and