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To Make Domestic Soap

Put the caustic soda lye, prepared in the manner and quantity given in the last receipt, into a clean iron kettle, and add, during continual stirring, 12 pounds clarified grease, dusting in, a little at a time, 4 ounces finely powdered borax; let it boil gently for 10 or 15 minutes, until it thickens and becomes ropy; then have in readiness a tight box, lined with a piece of muslin large enough to hang well over the sides, to allow of the contents being afterward conveniently lifted out; pour the mixture from the kettle into the box, and let it stand for a few days to harden; when sufficiently firm, turn it out onto a table, and cut it into bars with a thin wire. Scap thus made, and left to harden in a dry room, will be fit for use in a month. 550. Το Make Home-made Caustic 544. To Make Soap from Grained Lye from Ashes. Provide a box whose Tallow. Mix 6 pounds caustic soda and 2 sides terminate in a point, and having an orifice at the lower end (see illustration); this should be mounted high enough to allow of a vessel being placed underneath it, to receive the liquid that runs out of the bottom. The box is then well lined with straw (see No. 607), upon which fresh wood ashes are placed, adding to the ashes about one twen- M tieth the quantity of fresh slacked lime (see No. 519); then pour hot water upon it, and the lye will filter through into the vessel below. For the purposes of soap-making, this lye must be concentrated by boiling until a sound potato will not sink below the surface. ty of bleached palm oil is to be added to them.

Cocoa oil and pale yellow resin saponaceous matters also enter into the composition of certain toilet soaps. These body soaps may be obtained as wanted from any well-conducted soap factory. To be adapted to the purposes of perfumery they must be perfectly neutral, firm, free from unpleasant odor and all tendency to crust in cold, or sweat in damp weather. They should, moreover, give a rich lather without wasting too rapidly in the water.

Soaps, generally, in their original condition, are usually deficient in many of those points; and must, for the purposes of perfumery, undergo a refining process, which is as follows: 554. To Refine Soap for Making Toilet Soap. The soap, as purchased in bars or blocks, being piled upon the shelf of the rasping machine, is next placed in the hopper, and as the wheel revolves, knives come against the soap and cut it into meal, which falls into the reception box beneath.

It is now in a state fit to be melted readily, for which purpose it is transferred to a steam bath, and mixed with rose and orange-flower waters, each half a gallon, to every hundred pounds of soap. The steam being let on, and