Greyhound
"Stonehenge" (Longmans), 1875; The Dog in Health and Disease, "Stonehenge" (Longmans), 1887; The Book of the Dog, V. K.
Shaw (Cassell), 1883-6; Our Prize Dogs, C. H.
Mason (Forest and Stream Co., N.Y.), 1888; The Scientific Education of the Dog for the Gun, "H.
H." (Sampson Low), 1890; The Dogs of Scotland, D. J. T. Gray (Matthew, Dundee), 1891; The Scottish Deerhound, E. W. Bell (Douglas, Edinburgh), 1892; Modern Dogs of Great Britain and Ireland, Non-Sporting Division, Rawdon B. Lee (Cox), 1899-Sporting Division (Cox), 1906; A History and Description of the Modern Dogs of Great Britain and Ireland, The Terriers (Cox), 1903; Retrievers and How to Break Them, Sir H. Smith (Blackwood), 1901; Non-Sporting Dogs, F. T. Barton (Everett), 1905; Bulldogs and Bulldog Breeding, and Toy-Bulldogs, B. St. J.
Cooper and Mrs. C. P. C. Clarke (Jarrold), 1905; Retrievers and Retrieving, Major Eley (Longmans), 1905; The Management and Diseases of [DOGS the Dog, J. Woodruffe Hill (Sonnenschein), 1905; The Pointer and his Predecessors, W. Arkwright (Humphreys), 1906; The Dog Book, J. Watson (Heinemann), 1906; Dogs, and How to Keep Them, "Cynophile" (Gale and Polden), 1907; The Kennel Encyclopædia, edited by J. Sydney Turner (The Encyclopædic Press, Sheffield), 1907, in progress; The Dog's Medical Dictionary A. J. Sewell (Routledge), 1907; First Aid to Dogs and Kennel Emergencies, W. Gordon Stables (Upcott Gill), 1908; Dogs, H. Cox (Fawcett and McGuire), 1908; Show Dogs: Their Points and Characteristics, T. Marples ("Our Dogs" Publishing Co., Manchester), 1908; Dogs for Hot Climates, V. Shaw and M. H. Hayes (Thacker), 1908; The Perfect Bulldog, J. H. Hutchinson. (The "Illustrated Kennel News" Co.), 1909; Scottish and Irish Terriers, J. Maxtee (Upcott Gill), 1909; Dog Breaking, General W. N. Hutchinson (Murray), 1909; The Law affecting Dogs and their Owners, W. M. Freeman (Jordan), 1909; Breaking and Training of Dogs, J. Maxtee (Upcott Gill), 1909; The Kennel Club, E. W.
Jaquet ("Kennel Gazette" Office), 1905; The Stud Books: Kennel Club (Cox), from 1874- Greyhound (Cox), from 1882; Fox Terrier (Gill) -Foxhound (Bolton), from 1864-Harrier and Beagle (Waterlow), from 1891, &c., &c., in progress. DORY (Zeus faber).
MEASUREMENTS, &c. - Length of head 23/4 to 3, of caudal fin, 42, height of body 27/4 in total length. The greatest thickness of the body equals one-fifth of its height.
Eyes-high up, one diameter in the postorbital length of the head. Head as high as long. Mouth very protractile, its cleft oblique, the maxilla being nearly perpendicular when it is closed, and not reaching backward to beneath the eye; lower jaw the longer, and terminating posteriorly in two spines. Opercles spineless. Scapular region ridged in the adult, and having some spines in the young; some also at occiput.
Teeth-finely cardiform, present on the jaws and vomer, but not on the tongue or palatine bones. Gill-rakers-few, short, and finely spinate. Fins-first dorsal almost continuous with the soft portion; its spines rather strong, gradually increasing in length to the fourth; the interspinous membrane is externally prolonged into filaments of varying lengths, while at the base of each spine is an outwardly-projecting spinous process. Second dorsal increasing in length to its third quarter, and armed along its base with from 7 to IO spines on a bony plate, each of which consists of two portions; the largest, curved and broad, is directed somewhat backward, while the shorter portion is produced outward a little forward: its rays unbranched. Pectoral short. Ventral as long as the head, and having, in the young, a spinate base; a double ridge extends from the fin to the vent, armed with eight lateral spines on either side. The anal spines and rays are DRIVING] similarly armed to those of the dorsal fin.
Second anal spine the longest, and somewhat the strongest. Caudal rounded. Scales-not imbricate, a few along the cheeks. Lateral line-descends in a gentle curve from opposite the upper edge of the eye to above middle of the anal fin, from whence it proceeds direct to the centre of the base of the tail. Viscera-stomach rather large, the narrow pyloric portion encircled by numerous cæcal appendages, which in some cases are branched. Airbladder elongated, with the appearance of a slight constriction in its posterior fourth, while a rounded muscular body exists in its anterior fourth, from which passes a tendon. On opening the air-bladder, its lining membrane is found to cease at the commencement of the last fourth of the organ, and here it forms a very low valve.
In the interior of the upper half of the airbladder is a narrow, vermiform, red gland, of a semi-circular form. Colours-olive grey, with a yellowish tinge, and usually yellow wavy horizontal bands. In the middle of either side, just posterior to the pectoral fin, a circular or oval black spot, surrounded by a narrow yellow ring. Fins grey; in some examples the ventrals are nearly black; in others, two rather dark horizontal bands pass along the dorsal and anal fin.
Day's Fishes of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. I., p. 139.
DRIVING. From the earliest times the "harness horse" has been of vast use to mankind both in war and in peace. He drew the chariots of the ancients, and he is the pleasure horse of to-day; but notwithstanding the time which has elapsed since the horse was first employed as a draught animal, it was not until the first decade of the last century that driving upon any recognised system was practised. So soon as wheeled vehicles came to be driven at any pace, it was realised that various details had become of importance, and that things which never before had been garded as material were essential. This was in the days when coaching began to be a science. Vehicles were built of less weight; lighter horses were used; the stage coachman improved in social status, and, consequently, in appearance, with the result that definite rules for driving were observed. In fact, the whole code for driving arose out of the custom of fourhorse driving, and it is a curious circumstance that no early treatise on driving of this description is to be found. re- Whether the reader adopts the style here recommended, or any other, he must be prepared to encounter numerous and varied opinions. Many persons are prone to say that so long as one or more horses can be driven in safety, the observance of sundry minor rules is of no consequence. It is not well, however, to accept this theory. The self-taught rowing man, cricketer, equestrian, boxer, or what not, seldom or never achieves a success. If there be two ways of doing a thing, the self-taught man generally adopts the wrong method. In driving, as in other pursuits, not a little depends upon the observance of rules which have been laid down, not merely for the sake of establishing some fixed system, but because they have been found to be productive of certain advantages. Take, for example, the way in which a man sits and holds his reins.
Nothing is more common than to see a driver sitting on the very edge of the seat, his legs tucked under him, and the reins held in the tips of his fingers-a combination which renders his position unsafe, and prevents him from having any real control over ov his horse or horses. Therefore, to start with, the seat on the box and the holding of the reins are extremely important matters. For the purpose of the present article it must be assumed that the reader has some elementary knowledge of driving. He must also refer to the glossary for the names of the different parts of the harness and carriage. During a novice's early attempts at driving, the reins will have been handed to him in the course of a drive, while he is seated beside his instructor; but after some time he will start by himself, and in this connection he must be warned not to mount a vehicle without first taking the reins in his hand, unless he has dismounted and handed the reins to someone else to hold during his absence from the driving-seat. To mount without reins is to court accident, as, should the horse start before the driver has the reins in his hand, an immediate smash may take place. Again, if it be necessary to put passengers in the vehicle before the driver is up, an attendant should stand at the horse's head the while, nor should he m move under any consideration until the driver is in his seat and gives the signal to start. As an instance in point, on an occasion, when one of the Brighton coaches, called "The Alert," was taking up passengers in the King's Road, the driver, Mr.