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Chronological Table: Bruce

The conquest of Wales by Edward I. 1285 Pope Honorius IV. -- Philip IV. (the Fair) King of France. 1286 MARGARET (of Norway) Queen of Scotland. 1288 Pope Nicholas IV. 1290 Interregnum in Scotland for two years. - Competition between Bruce and 1291 Baliol for the Crown. Decided by Edward I.

Ptolemais taken by the Turks. - End of the Crusades. 1292 JOHN Baliol King of Scotland.

ADOLPHUS (of Nassau) Emperor of Germany.

Pope Cælestinus V. 1293 Jubilee first celebrated at Rome.

From this year there is a regular succession of English Parliaments. A. D. 1293 ANDRONICUS I. sole Emperor of the East. 1294 Pope Boniface VIII. 1296 Interregnum in Scotland for eight years. Sir William Wallace defeats the English at Stirling, and drives them out of the Kingdom. 1298 Wallace chosen Regent of Scotland, defeated at Falkirk. -- ALBERT I. (of Austria) Emperor of Germany.

The present Turkish Empire begins under Ottoman in Bithynia. 1299 ‡ Ottoman or Othoman first Sultan and founder of the Turkish empire. 1300 1301 Quarrel between Philip the Fair and Pope Boniface VIII. 1302 Comyn and Frazer defeat the English thrice in one day. The Mariner's Compass said to be discovered at Naples. 1304 Wallace betrayed, delivered up, and put to death by Edward I. 1305 Pope Clement V. 1306 ROBERT I. (Bruce) King of Scotland. 1307 The establishment of the Swiss Republics. -- Edward II. King of England. 1308 HENRY VII. Emperor of Germany. -- Donati killed at Florence.