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Of the Romans: Gregory
Puts to death his son Don Carlos. 1569 The Earl of Murray, Regent of Scotland, assassinated by Hamilton. The battles of Jarnac and Moncontour in France, in which the Protestants are defeated. 1571 Naval victory at Lepanto, where the Turks are defeated by Don John of Austria. 1572 Pope Gregory XIII.
The massacre of St. Bartholomew, August 24 1573 Hærlem taken by the Spaniards. 1574 Henry III. King of France. - Socinus propagates his opinions.
Don Sebastian King of Portugal invades Africa.
Memorable siege of Leyden, raised by the Prince of Orange, and the Admiral Boissot. 1575 ‡ Amurath III. Emperor of the Turks. 1576 RODOLPHUS II. Emperor of Germany. - The league in France formed against the Protestants. 1578 The Spaniards under Don John of Austria defeated in the battle of Rimenant. 1579 Commencement of the Republic of Holland by the union of Utrecht.- Mæstricht taken by the Spaniards.
Battle of Alcagar, the Portuguese under Don Sebastian defeated by Muley Moluck. 1580 Philip II. takes possession of Portugal.
The world circumnavigated by Sir Francis Drake. 1582 The Raid of Ruthven in Scotland. - James VI. seized by the Earl of Gowrie. The New Style introduced into Italy by Pope Gregory XIII., the 5th of October being counted the 15th. 1584 William I. Prince of Orange murdered at Delft.
A. D. 1584 Virginia discovered by Sir Walter Raleigh.
Embassy from four Kings of Japan to Philip II. 1585 Pope Sixtus V.
Schah Abbas the Great King of Persia. 1587 Mary Queen of Scots beheaded at Fotheringay. 1588 Destruction of the Spanish Armada by the English. 1589 Henry III. of France murdered by Jacques Clement. -- Henry IV. (The Great) King of France. 1590 The battle of Ivry, which ruins the League in France. - Pope Urban VII.
Pope Gregory XIV. 1591 The University of Dublin erected. - Pope Innocent IX. 1592 Presbyterian church-government established in Scotland. - Pope Clement VIII. 1594 The Bank of England incorporated. -- ‡ Mahomet III. Emperor of the Turks. 1596 Cadiz taken by the English. 1598 Edict of Nantes, tolerating the Protestants in France. --- - 1600 --- Peace of Vervins concluded between France and Spain. Philip III. King of Spain.
Tyrone's rebellion in Ireland, Gowrie's conspiracy in Scotland.
The Earl of Essex beheaded.
The English East India Company established. 1602 Decimal Arithmetic invented at Bruges. 1603 JAMES I. (VI. of Scotland) King of Great Britain. - Union of the crowns of England and Scotland. ‡ Achmet I. Emperor of the Turks. 1605 The Gunpowder-plot discovered.
Pope Paul V. 1608 Galileo discovers the Satellites of Jupiter.
Arminius propagates his opinions. 1610 Henry IV. of France murdered by Ravaillac.
Louis III. King of France.
The Moors expelled from Spain by Philip III.
Hudson's Bay discovered. 1611 Baronets first created in England by James I. 1612 MATTHIAS Emperor of Germany. 1614 Logarithms invented by Napier of Merchiston. 1616 Settlement of Virginia by Sir Walter Raleigh.
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