Peening
The term applied to straightening crooked castings by hammering the concave side immediately opposite to the block or anvil upon which the convex side is resting. A spherical hammer-head is the best ordinarily for this purpose, and the blows should be regulated so that the concave side may be sufficiently expanded with the minimum amount of hammering, always commencing at the centre of the bend and working out gradually in every direction. The hammer used for this purpose is termed the "peening" hammer. See STRAIGHTENING CASTINGS.
Pegging-rammer is sometimes termed the peening-rammer, and consists of an oblong piece of cast or wrought iron of different lengths and widths, and varying from one quarter to one inch in thickness, secured to the end of a piece of tubing or bar iron, with which to force or "ram" the soft open sand of the last filling firmly down upon the preceding course. See BUTT-RAMMER; RAMMING.
Percentage of Fuel Used for Melting Cast Iron in the Cupola.--See RATIO OF FUEL TO IRON.