The Encyclopedia of Founding

Twelve hundred entries from the golden age of cast metal — how bells are founded, why brass is not bronze, what a cupola melts and a core withstands — by Simpson Bolland, the trade's great teacher.

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Toughness

This quality in metals is simply the power to resist rupture--firmness, strength, compactness; not readily broken or fractured by bending, drawing, or extending. A metal possessing this quality is flexible without brittleness, yielding to force without breaking. Toughness is tested by bending, torsion, etc. See STRENGTH OF MATERIALS.

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