Barton
Barton names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below. 1 of them is described by more than one encyclopedia.
Barton CLARA, an American philanthropist
Described by 2 of the 6 encyclopedias.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
CLARA, an American philanthropist, born in Oxford, Mass., in Y., Y., 1830; was educated at Clinton, N. and early became a teacher, and founded at Bordentown, N. J., a free school, opening it with six pupils. In 1854 it had grown to 600, when she became a clerk in the Patent office in Washington. On the outbreak of the Civil War she became a volunteer nurse in the army hospitals and on the battle-field. In 1864 she was appointed by General Butler to the charge of the the hospitals at the front of the Army of the James. She was present at several battles, and in 1865 went to Andersonville, Ga., to identify and mark the graves of Union prisoners buried there, and was placed by President Lincoln in charge of the search for missing men of the Union armies. She lectured on her war experiences in 1866-1867. In the Franco-Prussian War, in 1870, she aided the Grand Duchess of Baden in preparing military hospitals, assisted the Red Cross Society, superintended the distribution of work to the poor of Strasburg, in 1871, after the siege, and in 1872 in Paris. She was decorated with the Golden Cross of Baden and the Iron Cross of Germany. On the organization of the American Red Cross Society in 1881, she was made its President, and in 1884 had charge of the relief of sufferers from the Mississippi and Ohio floods. She was Special Commissioner for Foreign Exhibits at the New Orleans Exposition in 1883, represented the United States at the Red Cross Conference in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1884, and was delegate to the International Peace Conference in Geneva the same year. In 1889 she had charge of relief of sufferers from the floods at Johnstown, Pa.; in 1892 distributed relief to the Russian famine sufferers; in 1896, personally directed relief measures at the scenes of the Armenian massacres; in 1898, at the request of President McKinley, took relief to the Cuban reconcentrados, and performed field work during the war with Spain; and in 1900 undertook to direct the relief of sufferers at Galveston. In 1904 she resigned her presidency of the Red Cross Society. Her published works include: "Story of the Red Cross" (1904); "Story of My Childhood" (1907). Miss Barton died in 1912.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
Clara, the founder of the Red Cross Society in the United States . She was born in Oxford, Massachusetts, in 1821. She was educated at home and at Clinton, New York . She opened the first public school at Bordentown, New Jersey , beginning with six pupils and closing with six hundred. Miss Barton obtained a clerkship in the United States patent office, and is said to have been the first woman clerk to draw a salary from a government department at Washington. During the Civil War she was active in hospital service. Near the close of the war she was employed by President Lincoln in tracing missing soldiers. After the war was over she gave war lectures. The Franco-Prussian War drew her abroad, where she became identified with the International Red Cross Society of Geneva. On her return she organized the American Red Cross Society, which later passed under control of the general government. Miss Barton has taken an active part in various women's movements. She is an earnest advocate of temperance, equal suffrage, and better social conditions for young women. She has written a History of the Red Cross in Peace and War.
Barton WILLIAM ELEAZAR, an American clergyman and writer writer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
WILLIAM ELEAZAR, an American clergyman and writer writer, born in Sublette, Ill., in 1861. He graduated from Berea College in 1885 and from the Oberlin Theological Seminary in 1890. In 1885 he was ordained to the Congregational ministry and filled pastorates in Ohio and Boston and Chicago, until 1899. He served on the editorial staff of several religious papers and was lecturer of applied practical theology at the Chicago Theological Seminary from 1905 to 1909. From 1911 he lectured at the same institution on ecclesiastical law. He was a member of the editorial staff of the "Youth's Companion" and was an officer of many theological and missionary societies. He was a prolific writer on religious and historical topics. Among his works "A Hero in Homespun" are (1897); "The Psalms and Their Story" (1898); "I Go A-Fishing" (1901); "Bible Classics" (1911); "Into All the World" (1911). American
Barton JAMES LEVI, an American clergyman
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JAMES LEVI, an American clergyman, born in Charlotte, Vt., in 1855. He graduated from Middlebury College in 1881, and from the Hartford Theological Seminary in 1885. In the latter year he was ordained to the Congregational ministry. He served as missionary at Harpoot, Turkey, from 1885 to 1892. In 1893 he was appointed president of the Euphrates College at Harpoot. He served as a member of missionary deputations to Japan, India, and China. He wrote much on subjects connected with missionary work. The best known of his books are "The Missionary and His Critics"; "Daybreak in Turkey"; "Human Progress Through Missions"; "Educational Missions."
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Aiton's gives Clara Barton's birth year correctly as 1821; Collier's 1830 is an error, and she died in Glen Echo, Maryland, in 1912, as Collier's notes. Her Glen Echo house became the Clara Barton National Historic Site in 1975, and in 1997 her Washington Missing Soldiers Office — the wartime rooms from which she traced the dead and vanished for Lincoln — was rediscovered intact in the attic of a boarding house slated for demolition; it opened as a museum in 2015. The American Red Cross she led, which Aiton's saw passing 'under control of the general government,' still operates under the congressional charter of 1900. Of the two Congregational ministers, William E. Barton became best known as a Lincoln biographer and as the father of adman and congressman Bruce Barton, while James L. Barton helped organise Near East Relief, the huge American aid effort for survivors of the Armenian massacres he had witnessed the aftermath of in Turkey.
Written for this edition, 2026.