Berri
Berri names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Berri or BERRY, CHARLES FERDINAND
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
or BERRY, CHARLES FERDINAND, DUKE OF, second son of the Count d'Artois (afterward Charles X.), born at Versailles, Jan. 24, 1778. In 1792 he fled with his father to Turin and served under him and Condé on the Rhine. In 1801 he went to Great Britain, and planned for the restoration of the Bourbons. In 1814 he landed at Cherbourg, and passed on to Paris, gaining many adherents to the royal cause; melted away when Napoleon but they landed from Elba, and the Count was compelled to retire to Ghent and Alost. Waterloo he returned to Paris, After and in 1816 married. He was assassinated by Louvel, a political fanatic, Feb. 14, 1820. The Duke had by his wife, Carolina Fernandina Louisa, eldest daughter of Francis, afterward King f daug the Two Sicilies, a daughter, Louise Marie Thérèse, afterward Duchess of Parma, and a posthumous son, Comte de Chambord.
Berri or BARBIERS, an acute disease characterized by oppression of breathing
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
or BARBIERS, an acute disease characterized by oppression of breathing, by general edema, by paralytic weakness, and by numbness of the lower extremities. The percentage of mortality, which used to be very high, has been greatly reduced in recent years. Although the exact cause of the malady has not yet been discovered-in spite of exhaustive research-it is now generally agreed that its origin is dietetic. It is believed that fish and rice are primarily responsible for the disease. It occurs frequently in Ceylon among the colored troops, and on some portions of the Indian coast, but spasmodically in all parts of the world.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's in 1921 admitted that the cause of "Berri" (beriberi) remained undiscovered "in spite of exhaustive research", though it suspected diet and blamed "fish and rice". The suspicion was half right: the culprit is not rice itself but the milling of it, which strips away thiamine (vitamin B1). The vitamin was isolated in 1926 by Jansen and Donath in Java and synthesised in the 1930s, and Christiaan Eijkman, whose experiments with polished rice and fowls pointed the way, shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in Medicine; beriberi is now treated with thiamine injections and largely prevented by enriched flour and rice. The other Berri, the Duke assassinated by Louvel in 1820, needs no revision, though his posthumous son the Comte de Chambord died childless in 1883, ending the senior Bourbon line the Duke's marriage had been meant to secure.
Written for this edition, 2026.