Boucher

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

FRANÇOIS (bö-chā'), a French painter, was born in Paris, ris, Sept. 29, 1703; studied at Rome, and became a member of the Academy (1734), and painter to Louis XV. (1765). He was an artist of much ability, and equally facile in the production of figure or landscape pictures. The number of his pictures and drawings is said to have exceeded 10,000; he also executed engravings. At his death, May 30, 1770, he was Director of the French Academy. BOUCHER DE CRÈVECŒUR DE PERTHES, JACQUES (bö-shā de krāvker de pārt'), a French anthropologist and writer, born in Réthel, Sept. 10, 1788. Through his father, an active botanist, he came under the notice of Napoleon, and was employed in numerous missions to Italy, Germany, Austria, and Hungary. From the Restoration he lived at Abbeville and there he died, Aug. 5, 1868. Only his works on the archæology of The first, man are of consequence now. "On the Creation" (5 vols., 1839-1841), already brought him some reputation, but his long investigations on stone weapons and other remains of early human civilization in the Tertiary and older Quaternary Diluvial strata made him famous. Other works of great value are "Celtic and Antediluvian Antiquities" (3 vols., 1846-1865), and "Antediluvian Man and His Works" (1860). BOUCHES-DU-RHÔNE (bösh-dü-rōn; " Mouths of the Rhône "), a department of the S. of France, in ancient Provence, Chief town, Marseilles. Area, 1,971 square miles. The Rhone is the principal river. The climate is generally very warm; but the department is liable to the mistral, a cold and violent N. E. wind from the Cevennes ranges. Much of the soil is unfruitful, but the fine climate makes the cultivation of figs, olives, nuts, almonds, etc., successful. The factures are principally soap, brandy, olive oil, chemicals, vinegar, scent, leather, glass, etc. The fisheries are nuand productive. Pop. about merous 806,000.