More than one of these 7 encyclopedias carries each of the following subjects — but every one of them treats it in a sentence or two and then moves on. They are gathered here so the different accounts can sit side by side.
Chief-Justice
Collier's New Encyclopedia: or LORD CHIEF- JUSTICE, in England, the presiding judge in the King's (or Queen's) Bench division of the High Court of Justice, and, in the absence of the lord - chancellor, president of the High Court, and also, ex officio, one of the judges of the Court of Appeal. The title chief-justice is also generally given in the various British colonies to the heads of the different judicial establishments, as in Canada, Australia, etc. In Canada there is not only a chief-justice at the head of the Supreme Court of the Dominion, but also chief-justices in the separate provinces.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: the presiding justice of the supreme court of the United States . The first chief justice was John Jay, who served 1789-1791. His successors were: Oliver Ellsworth, 1796-1800; John Marshall, 1801-1835; Roger Brooke Taney, 1836-1864; Salmon Portland Chase, 1864-1873; Morrison R. Waite, 1874-1888; and Melville W. Fuller, 1888. Salary, $13,000. See Supreme Court
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Chillon
Aiton's Encyclopedia: shil'lon, a castle in Switzerland. It was built 1238 by Amadeus IV of Savoy, and was long used as a state prison. The castle is at the eastern end of Lake Leman. It is situated on a rock almost surrounded by water. Chillon is the scene of Byron's The Prisoner of Chillon: Lake Leman lies by Chillon's walls: A thousand feet in depth below Its massy waters meet and flow, Thus much the fathom line was sent From Chillon's snow-white battlement, Which round about the wave enthralls. See Switzerland ; Geneva
Collier's New Encyclopedia: CASTLE OF, a fortress of Switzerland, in the canton Vaud , 6 miles S. E. of Vevay . It stands on an isolated rock at the E. end of the Lake
Covered by Aiton's Encyclopedia and Collier's New Encyclopedia
Chimborazo
Collier's New Encyclopedia: a conical peak of the Andes, in Ecuador, 20,517 feet above the sea, but only about 11,000 above the level of the valley of Quito, to the N. The "silver bell" of perpetual snow and glacier was long erroneously regarded as the loftiest mountain not only in America but in the whole world . In 1745 La KURTH, 11 CASTLE OF CHILLON of Geneva. It was built in 1238, by Amadeus IV. of Savoy, and was long used as a State prison . In 1859 it was occupied as an arsenal. Near this castle Rousseau fixed the catastrophe of his "Heloïse," and in it, Bonnivard, Byron's "Prisoner of Chillon," was confined for several years.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: chim-bo-ra'zo, a snow-clad peak of Ecuador. It presents a magnificent spectacle from the Pacific, lifting its snowy hood 20,700 feet into midair. It attracted Humboldt's attention in 1802, and he attempted its ascent, but was unfortunate enough to choose the wrong path and was stopped by a chasm 500 feet wide.
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Chintz
Aiton's Encyclopedia: chints, the name under which printed cottons were imported originally from India. The word is from the Hindustanic chhint, meaning spotted. The hand-woven, hand-printed chintz made in India is a coarse fabric of uneven threads. It is printed in old-fashioned designs and is finished without starch or dressing. The name is used at the present time among manufacturers for a species of glazed calico used for furniture covering and draperies.
Collier's New Encyclopedia: a highly calendered cotton gaily printed with designs of flowers, etc., in five or six different colors.
Covered by Aiton's Encyclopedia and Collier's New Encyclopedia
Chiron
Aiton's Encyclopedia: ki'ron, in Greek mythology, a learned centaur. The Greeks were fond of horses. Other mythological monsters were wholly devoid of good traits, but the centaur, half horse and half man, while savage at times, is represented often as wise and, to a greater or less extent, the friend of man. Chiron was instructed by Apollo and Diana, and became skilled, especially in medicine, music, hunting, and the art of prophecy. Many renowned Grecian heroes were his pupils. He instructed Achilles, Hercules, Ulysses, Aeneas, and others. While chasing the boar Erymantheus, the capture of which was one of the twelve labors assigned him by Eurystheus, Hercules had a fight with the centaurs, drove them from Mount Pelion, and pursued them into the abode of Chiron. Here an arrow from his bow accidentally wounded his old teacher, and Chiron suffered tortures from its poison. In pity the gods put an end to his mortal life, but he was placed among the stars as the constellation Sagittarius or The Archer. See Hercules
1000 Classical Characters: A centaur, half a man and half a horse, son of Philyra and Saturn. He was famous for his knowledge of music, medicine, and shooting, and taught mankind the use of plants and medicinal herbs.
Covered by Aiton's Encyclopedia and 1000 Classical Characters
Choctaws
Aiton's Encyclopedia: a tribe of Mobilian Indians related to the Seminoles, Chickasaws, etc. In 1540, when De Soto marched westward, they occupied a large extent of territory between their eastern neighbors, the Creeks, and the Mississippi River. They are said to have had forty towns and to have numbered 2,500 warriors. They opposed his progress at Choctaw Bluff, Alabama. In the battle that followed twenty of De Soto's men were killed, and two hundred wounded. The Choctaws were a corn-raising, peaceful people. They gave the settlers far less trouble than the war-like Creeks and the Chickasaws. Nevertheless they were forced to migrate. Between 1785 and 1837 they gave up 30,000 square miles of land in exchange for $2,225,000 in money and goods, and moved to Indian Territory . There they became landholders. They established schools, governed themselves by a legislature, loafed, hunted, farmed, raised stock, and became quite civilized. They still number 10,321--rather more than when the white man first found them. A few hundred still linger along the streams of the Mississippi. See Indians; Cherokees
Collier's New Encyclopedia: an Indian tribe, occupying a reservation in Oklahoma State. Grain, cotton, and fruit are raised by the tribe. They number about 15,000.
Covered by Aiton's Encyclopedia and Collier's New Encyclopedia
Chronometer
Collier's New Encyclopedia: any instrument that measures time, as a clock, watch, or dial; but, specifically, this term is applied to those time-keepers which are used for determining the longitude at sea, or for any other purpose where an accurate measure of time is required, with great portability in the instrument. The chronometer differs from the ordinary watch in the principle of its escapement, which is so constructed that the balance is free from the wheels during the greater part of its vibration, and also in being fitted with a "compensation adjustment," calculated to prevent the ex pansion and contraction of the metal by the action of heat and cold from affecting its movements. Marine chronometers generally beat half-seconds, and are hung in gimbals in boxes 6 or 8 inches square. The pocket chronometer does not differ in appearance from a watch except that it is somewhat larger. genus of
American Watchmaker and Jeweler: A portable time piece of superior construction, with heavy compensation balance, and usually beating half seconds; intended for keeping very accurate time for astronomers, watchmakers, etc. See Fig. 60.
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and American Watchmaker and Jeweler