More than one of these 7 encyclopedias carries each of the following subjects — but every one of them treats it in a sentence or two and then moves on. They are gathered here so the different accounts can sit side by side.
Lucknow
Collier's New Encyclopedia: a city of Hindustan, capital of the former kingdom of Oude, on the Gumti, a tributary of the Ganges, 150 miles N. W. of Benares, and 265 S. E. of Delhi. It is divided into three parts: The first is the city proper, containing the shops and private dwellings of the inhabitants, the streets very narrow and sunk below the level of the houses, and very filthy. The second is near the Gumti toward the S. E. The third quarter adjoins the Gumti on the N. W. and consists chiefly of religious buildings, the styles of which are more purely Oriental. Lucknow is remarkable for the defense made by 300 British soldiers while besieged in the residency of the city for four months in 1857 during the Sepoy rebellion. Pop. about 260,000.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: a city of British India. It is situated on the Gumti River, a branch of the Ganges. It is the capital of the province of Oudh. In size, it is the fifth city of India, having a population in 1901 of 264,049. It is a seat of important manufactures of gold and silver brocade, muslin, and other Indian wares. During the Indian mutiny of 1857-8, Lucknow made a determined defense. When the garrison had reached the last stage of exhaustion it was relieved by a column under General Havelock, September 26, 1857. Whittier has immortalized the raising of the siege in his poem, The Pipes of Lucknow. See Havelock
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Lupine
Aiton's Encyclopedia: lu'pin, a group of herbs, sometimes shrubs, belonging to the pea family. A few grow in the Mediterranean region and in eastern United States , but most of the eighty or more species are found in western North America . Lupines send up a cluster of stalks terminating in conspicuous pyramids of white, blue, or yellow pea-shaped flowers followed by various shaped pods of beans. Like clover, which see, they have the power of fertilizing poor land. The seeds are an article of diet in southern Europe. Various local names are: Sundial, Atlantic coast; tree lupine, California; buckbean, North Dakota . The word lupine is Latin meaning wolfish. In Germany the lupine is known as the wolfbean. See Locoweed
Collier's New Encyclopedia: a very extensive genus of hardy annual, perennial, and half-shrubby plants, some of which are cultivated in gardens for the sake of their gailycolored flowers. They belong to the natural order Leguminose.
Covered by Aiton's Encyclopedia and Collier's New Encyclopedia
Lute
Collier's New Encyclopedia: an instrument of the guitar of Protestantism in Germany; it is the national religion of Denmark, Sweden, Churches in the Baltic provinces of Russia, in Holland, France, Poland, and the United States. In all there are about 30,000,000 Lutherans. In its constitution the Lutheran Church is generally unepiscopal, without being properly presbyterian. It is consistorial, with the civil authorities so far in place of bishops. In Denmark, Sweden, and Norway there are bishops, and in Sweden an archbishop (of Upsala), but their powers are very limited. There were in the United States and Canada in 1919 3,652,010 baptized members and 2,451,997 confirmed members, with 9,829 ministers and 15,638 congregations. The Canadian membership was 64,490, with 237 ministers and 827 congregations. The denomination maintained missions, both domestic and foreign. Contributions for domestic missionary work in 1918 amounted to $6,383,103.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: a stringed musical instrument, somewhat akin to the guitar, mandolin, or banjo. Historically it appears to be an evolution from simple instruments known to the Egyptians and Hebrews. It was introduced into western Europe by the Arabians, where it became popular during the Middle Ages , being used by a singer as a minstrel uses his banjo to play an accompaniment. The lute of antiquity had but five or six strings; the modern lute has twenty-four. The player strikes or plucks the strings with the fingers of the right hand and regulates the notes by pressing the strings against frets with the fingers of the left hand.
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Luzon
Collier's New Encyclopedia: the pricipal and most northerly island of the Philippine group; between the Chinese Sea and the Pacific Ocean; area, 40,969 square miles; pop. (1903) 3,798,507; capital, Manila. The surface of the island is mountainous, showing volcanic formations, and there are also vast tracts of swampy land. There are also indications of mineral resources, including gold, coal, copper, lead, iron, sulphur, marble and kaolin. Luzon yields crops of rice and corn, in quantity usually inadequate for home consumption. The best quality and largest amount of tobacco is grown on Luzon, and in the S. portion of the island hemp and cocoanut are cultivated extensively. There is a large internal commerce between Manila and the different islands in the group, carried on almost exclusively by water. At the time of the cession of the islands to the United States there was but a single line of railway, extending from Manila N. to Dagupan. The roads in the immediate vicinity of Manila are macadamized and generally in good condition; elsewhere they are of dirt, and become almost impassable in the rainy season. The different provinces of the island are connected with Manila by telegraph, and there are cables from that city to the S. islands in the group, and also to Borneo, Singapore, and Hong Kong. See PHILIPPINE ISLANDS and MANILA.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: . See Philippines
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Lyceum
Collier's New Encyclopedia: the name of an academy at Athens, so called from its position near the temple of Apollo Lyceus. Here Aristotle and his disciples taught, and were called Peripatetics, from their habit of walking up and down its porches while delivering their lectures. In the present day, in France, the name (lycée) is given to preparatory schools for the universities, as in them the Aristotelian philosophy was formerly taught.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: li-se'um, a public gymnasium outside the walls of ancient Athens. It was near the Ilissus, with many pleasant paths and covered passages where Aristotle walked and talked philosophy with his disciples. The term is given in France to schools preparatory to the university. In America it is used not infrequently to designate a debating society or an association for literary improvement.
1000 Classical Characters: The name of one of three ancient gymnasia of Athens , called after the temple of Apollo Lyceus, in its neighborhood. It is celebrated as the place where Aristotle and the Peripatetics taught. 2026 Editor's Note: Lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. It is usually a type of secondary school where basic science and some introduction to specific professions are generally taught. This modern usage is distinct from the ancient Athenian gymnasium where Aristotle taught. (Ed: BR 2026-06-08)
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia and 1000 Classical Characters