More than one of these 7 encyclopedias carries each of the following subjects — but every one of them treats it in a sentence or two and then moves on. They are gathered here so the different accounts can sit side by side.
Stoneware
Collier's New Encyclopedia: a very hard kind of pottery, with which are made jars, drain pipes, and a variety of chemical utensils. It is constituted of plastic clay, united in various proportions with some felspathic mineral sands of different kinds, and in some cases with cement, stone, or chalk. These mixtures are then subjected to a heat sufficiently great to cause a partial fusion of the mass. This condition of semi-fusion is the distinguishing character of stoneware. The finer varieties of stoneware are made from carefully selected clays, which when burnt will not have much color. These are united with some fluxing substance, by which the particular state of semi-fusion above mentioned, is brought about. Formerly the glaze of stoneware was always a salt glaze; recently, however, it has been customary to glaze with a mixture of Cornish stone, flint, etc., as in the manufacture of earthenware. See POTTERY.
The Encyclopedia of Founding: Coarse porcelain, a very hard kind of pottery made from clay containing ferric oxide and some lime, to which it owes its partial fusibility. The glazing is done by throwing common salt into the furnace; this is volatilized and decomposed by the joint agency of the silica in the object and of the vapor of water always present; muriatic acid and soda are thus produced, the latter forming a silicate, which fuses over the surface of the ware and leaves thereon a thin but excellent glaze. See POTTERY; PORCELAIN.
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and The Encyclopedia of Founding
Stornoway
Collier's New Encyclopedia: the chief town and seaport of Lewis, the largest of the Outer Hebrides, in the N. E. of the island, at the head of the deep inlet of Loch Stornoway, which is sheltered to the N. by a long, irregular peninsula. It has several good public buildings, and on an eminence overlooking the town stands Stornoway Castle, a castellated Tudor edifice, long the residence of Sir James Matheson. A Free Church (for services in English) was opened in 1878. Stornoway is an important fishing station, and it has several saw, carding, and corn mills, etc., and is the seat of an important cattle fair held in July. Steamers ply regularly between Stornoway and Glasgow, and via Poolewe to Dingwall.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: . See Hebrides
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Storthing
Collier's New Encyclopedia: the parliament or supreme legislative assembly of Norway; the great court or representative of the sovereign people. It is elected triennially, and holds annual sessions. When in session it divides itself into two houses, one-fourth of the members constituting the lagthing, and the remaining three-fourths the odelsthing. odels
Aiton's Encyclopedia: stor'ting. See Norway
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Straits Settlements
Collier's New Encyclopedia: a British crown colony in the Malay Peninsula, deriving its name from the Straits of Malacca which separate the Malay Peninsula from Sumatra, and form the great trade route between India and China. The capital of the colony and seat of government is Singapore. The governor is assisted by executive and legislative councils. The constituent parts are as follows: SINGAPORE, an island off the S. extremity of the Malay Peninsula; area 217 square miles. Pop. (1918) estimated, males 274,238; females 113,098. PENANG (including Province Wellesley and Dingdings), area 661 square miles. Pop. (1918) estimated, males 188,720; females 117,019. MALACCA is a town and territory 240 miles S. of Penang. Its coast, rocky and barren, extends 42 miles; area, 659 square miles. It is ruled by a resident councillor, subject to the governor of the colony. Pop. (1918) estimated, males 92,340; females 60,668. Total population of Straits Settlements, males 555,298; females 296,785. Included in the administration of the Straits Settlements are the Cocos (or KEELING ISLANDS), a small coral group lying some 700 miles S. W. of Java, and CHRISTMAS ISLAND which lies 200 miles S. W. of Java. Since 1907 the boundaries of the colony have included the colony of Labuan. The governor is also high commissioner for the Federated Malay States.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: . See Singapore
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Stratford
Collier's New Encyclopedia: a city of Connecticut, in Fairfield co. It is on the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroad. It has important manufactures, including silverware, paint, brass goods, and wireforming machinery. Pop. (1910) 5,712; (1920) 12,347.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: . See Shakespeare
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia
Stromboli
Aiton's Encyclopedia: strom'bo-le, a noted volcano. It rises from the bottom of the Mediterranean, north of Sicily. It is a conical pile of cinders and slag, such as are produced by an iron furnace. It rises to a height of 6,000 feet, half of that height being above the level of the sea. It is four or five miles in diameter at the sea level. The chief crater is situated about 1,000 feet below the peak. Stromboli is always in action. The steam rising from its crater looks like smoke from a chimney. At night it presents a magnificent appearance. The white hot lava within the crater sends out a column of light, giving the appearance of an immense conflagration. At times the lava bubbles up or explodes, throwing streams of lava dust into the air. The lower portions of the mountain are fertile and are inhabited. Cotton, grapes, and figs are the chief productions. Pumice and sulphur are exported. See Volcano ; Etna
Collier's New Encyclopedia: one of the Lipari Islands; off the N. coast of Sicily; 12 miles in circuit. Its cone, 3,022 feet high, is one of the few volcanoes that are constantly active. At regular intervals showers of stones are ejected, and these almost all fall again within the crater. The ancients regarded Stromboli as the seat of Æolus, and in the Middle Ages it was held to be the entrance to purgatory. The island yields, besides sulphur and pumice-stone, cotton, fruits, and wine.
Covered by Aiton's Encyclopedia and Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sulu
Collier's New Encyclopedia: archipelago, the extreme southern group of the Philippine Islands seprating the Sultan lebes seas and Mindanao, westward to the north end of Borneo . Area, 1,361 square miles. Small islands form groups around a large one. Of these the largest are Sulu (Jolo), 326 square miles; Tawi Tawi, 232 square miles; and Basilan, 478 square miles. Pop. about 90,000. The islands are voland Sulu canic Island has 12 important summits, the highest being 2,894 feet. The people are Moro and are divided into two classes, the hillmen or agriculturists and the coast men or fishers. Rice and cacao are cultivated, and horses, cattle, and water buffalo are raised. There are no roads, but only mule tracks. Teak and ebony grow in the islands in abundance, besides several other valuable forest products. The mangosteen, breadfruit, grow luxuriantly, luxuriantly, orange, and banana cultivated and wild. The islands were long under Spanish suzerainty, but were transferred to the United States Dec. 10, 1898. The capital was garrisoned May 19, 1899, and an agreement signed by the Sultan on Aug. 20, 1899. The Sultan is acknowledged as the nominal ruler, and the Moros are permitted to practice their religion.
Aiton's Encyclopedia: . See Philippines
Covered by Collier's New Encyclopedia and Aiton's Encyclopedia