Brougham
Brougham names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Brougham HENRY PETER (bröam or bröm)
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
HENRY PETER (bröam or bröm), LORD BROUGHAM AND VAUX, a British statesman, orator, and author, born in Edinburgh, Sept. 19, Ireland 1778; entered the University of Edinburgh in 1792. In 1802 he helped to found the "Edinburgh Review," and was one of the chief contributors. His article on Byron's "Hours of Idleness" provoked the poet to write his "English Bards and Scotch Reviewers." In 1810 Brougham entered Parliament, where his remarkable eloquence gave him at once a commanding place. He was counsel for Queen Caroline in George IV.'s suit against her (1820), winning a decisive victory. He became Lord Chancellor in 1830, and was at the same time created a baron; he resigned on the defeat of the Whigs in 1834, and never again held public office. His later years were passed partly in England, and partly at Cannes. He was the steadfast and powerful champion of revision and reform of the laws, popular education, the abolition of slavery, and the maintenance of peace. The famous Reform Bill of 1832 was carried largely by his agency. His miscellaneous writings in BROUGHTON collected edition ( 11 vols., 1855cover a vast number and variety subjects. His best works are his 夏 LORD BROUGHAM "Sketches of the Statesmen of the Time of George III." and "Lives of Men of Letters and Science." He died in Cannes, France, May 7, 1868.
Brougham JOHN, an American actor and playwright
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JOHN, an American actor and playwright, born in Dublin, , May 9, 1810; made his début as an actor in England in 1830. He came to the United States in 1842, and, with the exception of a short return trip to England his death. He was the author of over in 1860, remained here until 100 comedies, farces, and burlesques. Among his most successful plays were "Vanity Fair," "The Irish Emigrant," "The Game of Love," and "London Assurance," written in collaboration with Dion Boucicault. He was also author of sketches entitled "Basket of Chips" (1855) and "Bunsby Papers." He died in New York, June 7, 1880.
Brougham named after Lord Brougham
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
named after Lord Brougham, a four-wheeled closed carriage with a single inside seat for two persons, or a similar carriage with two seats, each accommodating two persons. The seat for the driver is elevated.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Lord Brougham's reputation is much as Collier's left it in 1921 champion of the 1832 Reform Bill, of popular education and of abolition though modern historians give more weight to his part in founding the University of London (1826) and to the vanity and unreliability that kept him out of office after 1834. Collier's mentions almost in passing that his later years were spent partly "at Cannes": his villa there, built from 1835, is generally credited with turning the town into a fashionable winter resort, and a statue of him still stands on the seafront. The carriage entry is the biggest casualty: the four-wheeled closed brougham with its elevated driver's seat was still a living vehicle in 1921 but had all but vanished from streets within a generation, surviving only as a name American manufacturers used "Brougham" as a luxury trim badge into the 1980s, as on the Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham. One credit has also shifted: "London Assurance" (1841) is now attributed to Dion Boucicault, with John Brougham's share treated as a claim rather than settled fact.
Written for this edition, 2026.