Clarke
Clarke names 8 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Clarke SAMUEL, an English theological and philosophical writer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SAMUEL, an English theological and philosophical writer; born in Norwich, in 1675; educated at Caius College, Cambridge. He became chaplain to Dr. More, bishop of Norwich, and between 1699 and 1701 publishe published "Essays on Baptism, Confirmation, and Repentance," replied to Toland's "Amyntor," and issued a paraphrase of the Gospels. He was then presented with two livings, and in 1704 and 1705 twice delivered the Boyle lectures at Oxford. In 1706 he published "Immortality of the Soul," and a Latin version of Newton's "Optics." He was appointed rector of St. James's, London, and chaplain to Queen Anne. In 1712 he edited Cæsar's "Commentaries," and published his "Scripture Doctrine of the Trinity." His chief subsewith Leibnitz and Collins on the "Freedom of the Will," his Latin version of part of the "Iliad," and a considerable number of sermons. His philosophic fame rests on his a priori argument for the existence of God, his theory of the nature and obligation of virtue as conformity to certain relations involved in the eternal fitness of things, and his opposition to Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Leibnitz, and others. He died in 1729.
Clarke JAMES P., an American lawyer and public official
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JAMES P., an American lawyer and public official; born in Yazoo City, Miss., Aug. 18, 1854. He was graduated in the law department of the University of Virginia in 1878, and shortly after entered politics. He elected to the State Legislature in 1886 and 1887, and to the State Senate in 1888, of which body he was President in 1891. In 1893-1894 he was Attorney-General of the State, and in January, 1895, was inaugurated Governor after a spirited triangular contest. In 1903-1909 he was United States Senator, and was re-elected in 1908 and 1914. For several years he was Chairman of the Senate Committee on Commerce, and the ranking Democratic member of the Foreign Relations and Military Affairs Committees. He died in 1916.
Clarke FRANK WIGGLES- WORTH, an American scientist
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
FRANK WIGGLES- WORTH, an American scientist; born in Boston, Mass., March 19, 1847. He was graduated at the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard, in 1867; was Professor of Chemistry and Physics at the University of Cincinnati from 1874 to 1883, and in 1883 became chief chemist of the United States Geological Survey and honorary curator of minerals, United States National Museum, Washington, D. C. He was a member of many domestic, foreign, and international commissions and scientific societies, received several honorary degrees and medals, and published numerous books and papers on chemical, mineralogical, and geological topics.
Clarke JAMES FREEMAN, an American Unitarian clergyman and author
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JAMES FREEMAN, an American Unitarian clergyman and author; born in Hanover, N. H., April 4, 1810. In 1852, together with Emerson and William H. Channing, he prefor United States Senator from Mon-pared the "Memoirs of Margaret Fuller d'Ossoli." His chief work was "Ten Great Religions" (1871-1883). Among his other publications were "Self-Culture" (1882); "Anti-Slavery Days" (1884); "Every-Day Religion" (1886); and "Vexed Questions" (1886). He died quent productions were his discussions in Boston, Mass., June 8, 1888.
Clarke JOHN HESSIN, an American jurist
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JOHN HESSIN, an American jurist, born at Lisbon, O., in 1857. He graduated from the Western Reserve University in 1877, and was admitted to the bar in the following year. After some general practice, he was employed as general counsel of several railroads. He was appointed United States district judge for the Northern District of Ohio, from 1914 to 1916, when he became associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Clarke MARY COWDEN, an English story-writer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
MARY COWDEN, an English story-writer, essayist, and Shakes-no pearean scholar; born in London, June Clarke, with whom she wrote the "Shakespeare Key" and compiled an edition of Shakespeare's plays. Her own "Complete Concordance" is universally known. Among her novels are: "A Rambling Story" and "The Iron Cousin." "World- Noted Women" contains biographical studies. She died in Italy, Jan. 12, 1898.
Clarke CHARLES COWDEN, an English prose-writer and poet
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
CHARLES COWDEN, an English prose-writer and poet; born in Enfield, Middlesex, Dec. 15, 1787; produced "Tales from Chaucer" and "Shakespeare's Characters," besides lectures and essays innumerable; and "Carmina Minima," a volume of verse. He died in Genoa, March 13, 1877.
Clarke JOHN HESSIN, resigned from the Supreme Court September
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JOHN HESSIN, resigned from the Supreme Court September, 1922, to devote himself to the advancement of American participation in the League of Nations.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Of the eight, the one Collier's treated as settled history has worn best: Samuel Clarke's 1715-16 exchange with Leibniz is still assigned in every philosophy course on space, time and absolute motion, though his a priori proof of God's existence has few defenders. Two of the living men outlived the volume in ways it could not report. John Hessin Clarke, whose resignation from the Supreme Court in September 1922 the page catches in a late-added note, spent the next two decades campaigning for the League of Nations and died in 1945, having lived to see the United Nations chartered; Frank Wigglesworth Clarke, chief chemist of the Geological Survey, died in 1931 and is now remembered chiefly because geochemists came to call a unit of average crustal abundance of an element a clarke, after his tables. Mary Cowden Clarke's "universally known" Shakespeare Concordance, sixteen years of hand-slips, has been wholly superseded by full-text search, while her husband Charles is now known less for "Tales from Chaucer" than for something Collier's never mentions: he was the Enfield schoolmaster who put Spenser and Chapman's Homer into the hands of young John Keats. James Freeman Clarke's "Ten Great Religions" has faded as a book but stands as an early American attempt at comparative religion, and James P. Clarke, governor and senator, is the most thoroughly forgotten of the set.
Written for this edition, 2026.