Culp
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JULIA, a Dutch contralto. Born in Holland in 1881, she first reon the vic as ceived instruction violin, and a in the various cities little girl appeared of Holland in recitals. At fifteen years the conservatory at of age she entered Amsterdam to have her voice trained, voice culand completed her studies in she made her ture at Berlin. In 1901 début as a singer in Magdeburg, and later gained great popularity throughout by her singing of the German Germany and Italian folk-songs. From 1902-1912 she toured the Continent and achieved a striking success everywhere. In 1913 she made her first tour of America, tours. which was later followed by other CUMÆ, a very ancient city of Italy colony of the in Campania, the oldest Italy, founded about 1030 b. C. Greeks in , in Eubea, and by colonists from Chalcis from Cyme in Asia Minor. It founded Zancle Naples (Neapolis), and in Sicily . In 520 B. C. Cume was or Messina taken by the Campanians, and came with them under the power of Rome (345 D. 1207, and B. C.). It was destroyed A. a few ruins only now exist. CUMANÁ, a town of the Venezuelan state of Sucre, on the Manzanares, a mile above its mouth, where the port of lies on the Gulf of Cariaco. Puerto Sucre It has a national college, and some export trade, but is chiefly of interest as the oldest European town on the South mainland, having been founded American son Diego as by Christopher Columbus's 1521. It has suffered New Toledo in much from earthquakes, and was almost 1853. Pop. about entirely destroyed in 15,000.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
When Collier's wrote this in 1921, Julia Culp was at the peak of a career that had just carried her from Magdeburg to America; the entry gives her birth year as 1881, though she was in fact born at Groningen in 1880. Her singing life was already effectively over: she withdrew from the concert platform in the early 1920s and, being Jewish, survived the German occupation of the Netherlands in hiding. She died in Amsterdam in 1970, at eighty-nine, and is now known almost entirely through her acoustic recordings of Schubert, Brahms and folksong, reissued on LP and CD, which preserve the "Dutch nightingale" the 1921 reader could hear in person. The same page's Cumaná, then a town of 15,000, is now a Venezuelan city of several hundred thousand.
Written for this edition, 2026.