Drake
Drake names 4 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Drake SIR FRANCIS, an English shire
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SIR FRANCIS, an English shire, England, in 1539 , or according to some authorities in 1545. He served as ward joined Sir John Hawkins in his a sailor in a coasting vessel; and afterlast expedition against the Spaniards that unfortunate enterprise. Having (1567), losing nearly all he possessed in gathered a number of adventurers, he fitted out a vessel in which he made two successful cruises to the West Indies in 1570 and 1571. Next year, with two small ships, he again sailed for the Spanish Main, captured the cities of Nombre de Dios and Vera Cruz, and took a rich booty which he brought safely home. In the Spanish Main, having this time com- 1577 Drake made another expedition to mand of five ships . On this the most famous of his voyages Drake passed the Straits of Magellan , plundered all along the coasts of Chile and Peru, sacked sevwith silver, gold, jewels, etc., to the eral ports, and captured a galleon laden value of perhaps $1,000,000. seeking a passage to the Atlantic, but He then ran N. as far as lat. 48° N., was compelled to return to Port San then steered for the Moluccas, and hold- Francisco on account of the cold. He ing straight across the Indian Ocean doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and arrived at Plymouth Nov. 3, 1580, being thus the first of the English circumnavigators. The queen showed her favor to Drake by knighting him on board his own ship. Five years afterward Drake was again attacking the Spaniards in the Cape Verde Islands and in the West Indies, and in 1588 particularly distinguished himself as vice-admiral in the conflict with the Spanish Armada. In 1593 he represented Plymouth in Parlia- SIR FRANCIS DRAKE ment. His later expeditions, that in 1595 against the Spanish West Indies and that to Panama, were not so successful, and his death, on Jan. 28, 1596, at sea off Porto Bello, was hastened by disappointment.
Drake SAMUEL ADAMS, an American journalist and writer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SAMUEL ADAMS, an American journalist and writer; born in Boston, Dec. 20, 1833. He entered journalism in 1858 as correspondent of the Louisville "Journal" and St. Louis "Republican." In 1861 he joined the army and served throughout the war, becoming Brigadier-General in 1863. He returned to Boston in 1871 and resumed literary work. His most important publications are: "Old Landmarks of Boston" (1872); "New England Legends" (1883); "The Making of New England" (1886); "The Pine Tree Coast" (1891); "Our Colonial Homes" (1894), etc. He died Dec. 4, 1905. (drä'ken-ber-ge) DRAKENBERGE (Dragon Mountains), the general name given by the Dutch colonists to the range of mountains in the E. of south Africa, between Cape Colony and the Vaal river. From about 29° S. lat. the three chains which form the S. portion unite and extend N. E. in one mass, whose highest points are the Mont aux Sources and Catkin Peak (10,360 feet). The range is crossed by Van Reenen (5,415) and De Beers (5,635) passes.
Drake FRANKLIN JEREMIAH, American naval officer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
FRANKLIN JEREMIAH, American naval officer, born at an Yates, N. Y., in 1846. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1868. He rose through the various grades, becoming lieutenant-commander in 1893, commander in 1899, and captain in 1903. In 1906 he was retired as rearadmiral. He served during the Civil War and filled many posts on shore and at sea as a commander of vessels and on special duty. He was executive officer of the Oregon in 1896-1897. From 1913 to 1915 he was technical expert at the Hague Tribunal, and was expert of the revision of regulations of the United States Navy in 1918-1919-1920.
Drake JOSEPH RODMAN, an American poet
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JOSEPH RODMAN, an American poet; born in New York, Aug. 7, 1795. The poems for which he is gratefully remembered are "The Culprit Fay" (1819), and "The American Flag" (1819). With Fitz-Greene Halleck, under signature, "The Croakers the ," he published in a New York journal in 1819 a series of short lyrics, mostly of a humorous kind, on the political affairs of the time. He died Sept. 21, 1820.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
The outline of Sir Francis Drake's life in Collier's 1921 account still stands: the 1577-80 voyage, the knighting aboard his ship (the Golden Hind) at Deptford, the Armada in 1588, and death at sea off Panama in January 1596. What has moved is the California episode. Collier's has him driven back to "Port San Francisco" by the cold; a brass plate supposedly left by Drake was found north of San Francisco in 1936 and celebrated for decades, but laboratory tests reported in 1977 showed it to be a modern fake, and the exact landing place remains disputed. Reputation has shifted too: modern accounts dwell far more than Collier's does on the fact that Drake's early voyages with John Hawkins in the 1560s were slaving expeditions, and his commemoration in Britain is now argued over rather than assumed. In the same entry, the "Drakenberge" heights are also out of date: the range's high point is Thabana Ntlenyana in Lesotho, at about 11,424 feet, and Lesotho has been independent since 1966, so the mountains no longer divide "Cape Colony" from the Vaal.
Written for this edition, 2026.