Dresden

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

the capital of , formerly Saxony a kingdom, but now a state in the German Republic; situated in a beautiful valley on both sides of the river Elbe. It is first mentioned in history in 1206, was greatly extended and embellished by Augustus the Strong (1694-1736 ), and rapidly ing the 19th century. Among the chief increased duredifices besides several of the churches are the museum containing a picture-gallery and other treasures; the famous Japanese Palace (Augusteum), containing the royal he royal library of from 300,000 400,000 volumes, besides a rich collection to of manuscripts; the Johanneum, containing the collection of porcelain and the historical museum, a valuable collection of arms, armor, domestic utensils belonging to the Middle Ages. The royal , etc., palace contains (in what is called the SHOOT ↓ SAND PUMP SUCTION PIPE Green Vault) a valuable collection curiosities, jewels, trinkets, and works of of art. The city is distinguished lent educational, literary, and artistic for its excelinstitutions, among which are the Polytechnic School, much on the plan and scale of a university ; the Conservatory and School of Music; the Academy of Fine Arts, etc. The manufactures are various in character; the china, however, for which the city is famed is made chiefly at Meissen, 14 miles distant. The commerce is considerable. The chief glory of Dresden is the gallery of tures, one of the finest in the world, picwhich first became of importance under Augustus II., King of Poland, and Elector of Saxony, but owes its most valuable treasures to Augustus III., who purchased the greater portion of the gallery of the Duke of Modena for $900,000. The pictures number about 25,000, and in particular comprise of the Italian, Dutch, and Flemish many fine specimens schools. Besides this fine collection the museum contains also drawings amounting to upward of 350. engravings and 000 000. There is here also a rich collection of casts exemplifying the progress of sculpture from the earliest times, and including copies of all the most important antiques. It suffered severely in tha