Eugene

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

a city of Oregon, the county-seat of Lane co. It is on the Southern Pacific, the Oregon Electric, and the Portland, Eugene and Eastern railroads. It is the center of an extensive agricultural region, and the lumbering industrial industry is also important. Its establishments include canneries, flour mills, woolen mills, machine shops, etc. It is the seat of the University of Oregon and the Eugene Bible University. It has a public library and other public buildings. Pop. (1910) 9,009; (1920) 10,593. EUGÈNE (ü-jēn'), or FRANÇOIS EUGÈNE, Prince of Savoy, fifth son of Eugène Maurice, Duke of Savoy-Carignan, and Olympia Mancini, a niece of Cardinal Mazarin; born in Paris, Oct. 18, 1663. Offended with Louis uis XIV. he entered the Austrian service in 1683, serving his first campaign as a volunteer against the Turks. Here he distinguished himself so much that he received a regiment of dragoons. Later, at the sieges of Belgrade and Mayence, he increased his reputation, and on the outbreak of the war between France and Austria he received the command of the imperial forces sent to Piedmont to act in conjunction with the troops of the Duke of Savoy. At the end of the war he was sent as commander-in-chief to Hungary, where he defeated the Turks at the battle of Zenta (Sept. 11, 1697). The Spanish war of succession brought Eugène again into the field. In northern Italy he outmaneuvered Catinat and Villeroi, defeating the latter at Cremona (1702). In 1703 he commanded the imperial army in Germany, and in co-operation with Marlborough frustrated the plans of France and her allies. In the battle of Höchstadt or Blenheim, Eugène and Marlborough defeated the French and Bavarians under Marshal Tallard, Aug. 13, 1704. Next year Eugène, returning to Italy, forced the French to raise the siege of Turin, and in one month drove them out of Italy. During the following years he fought on the Rhine, took Lille, and, in conjunction with with Marlborough, defeated the French at Oudenarde (1708), and Malplaquet (1709), where he himself was dangerously wounded. After the recall of Marlborough, which Eugène opposed in person at London, without success, and the defection of England from the alliance against France, his farther progress was in a great measure checked. In the war with Turkey, in 1716, Eugène defeated two superior armies at Peterwardein and Temesvar, and, in 1717, took Belgrade, after having gained a decisive victory over a third army that came to its relief. During 15 years of peace which followed, Eugène served Austria as faithfully in the cabinet as he had done in the field. He was one of the great generals of modern times. He died in Vienna, April 21, 1736. EUGENIA (so named in honor of Prince Eugène), a genus of dicotyledonous polypetalous plants of the natural order Myrtaceæ, nearly related to the myrtle. It contains numerous species, fruits. some of which produce delicious The allspice or pimento is the berry of the E. Pimenta. E. acris is the wild clove.