Frankland
Frankland names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Frankland STATE OF, in 1784 North Carolina ceded her W
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
STATE OF, in 1784 North Carolina ceded her W. lands to the United States. The inhabitants of East Tennessee, piqued at being thus disposed of, and alleging that no provision was made for their defense or the administration of justice, assembled in convention and took measures to form a new and independent State. Notwithstanding the fact that North Carolina, willing to compromise, repealed the act of cession the same year, the scheme was urged forward and at a second convention, Dec. 14, steps were taken toward the organization of a separate State under the name of Frankland. A provisional government was set up. John Sevier was chosen governor, and the machinery of an independent State was put in motion. Very soon rivalries and jealousies appeared, opposing parties arose and divided the people, and a third party favoring adherence to North Carolina led by Colonel Tipton, showed much increasing strength. Party spirit ran high. Frankland had two sets of officers, and civil war became imminent. Finally an armed collision between the men under Tipton and Sevier took place. The latter were defeated, arrested and taken to prison in irons. Frankland had received its deathblow. The assembly of North Carolina passed an act of oblivion, and offered pardon to all offenders, whereupon the troubles ceased.
Frankland SIR EDWARD, an English chemist
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SIR EDWARD, an English chemist; born in Churchtown, England, in 1825; studied chemistry in the Museum of Practical Geology and in Germany under Bunsen. He made the discovery of the union of organic radicles with metals, announcing in 1850 the preparation of compounds of zinc with methyl and ethyl. From this he deduced the conclusion that an atom of the metal could only attach itself to a definite number of the atoms of other elements, which discovery led to the theory of "equivalents." He was appointed Professor of Chemistry at Owens College, Manchester, in 1851, and there developed the process of making water gas. Becoming Professor of Chemistry in the Royal School of Mines in 1865 he turned his attention to water analysis, the purification of sewage and the means of preventing pollution. Subsequently he proved that compressed gases are caspectrum, from which he concluded that the photosphere of the sun was atmospheric. He also investigated the chemistry of foods. He died in Norway, Aug. 11, 1899.
Frankland PERCY FARADAY
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
PERCY FARADAY. a British scientist. He was born at London in 1858, and was educated at University College School, the Royal School of Mines, and Würzburg University. He was Professor of Chemistry at Dundee, Scotland, 1888-1894, and at Birmingham, 1894-1900. He inaugurated monthly bacteriological examination of London water supply in 1885. In 1901 he was president of the Chemical Section, British Association, Glasgow, and in 1906, of the Institute of Chemistry. He was president of the Chemical Society in 1911 and in 1919 was made of ficer of the Order S.S. Maurice and Lazarus. He has contributed numerous memoirs to publications and has written "Our Secret Friends and Foes," and a "Life of Pasteur ."
What Has Changed in the Last Century
The short-lived Appalachian republic is now almost always called the State of Franklin, after Benjamin Franklin, whose favour the settlers hoped to win; "Frankland" was the earlier name used at the 1784 conventions and Collier's 1921 spelling has since fallen out of use. The territory John Sevier tried to govern became part of Tennessee when it entered the Union in 1796, and Sevier himself served as its first governor. Sir Edward Frankland's "theory of equivalents" is the idea now taught as valence, and his zinc-methyl and zinc-ethyl compounds of 1849-50 are recognised as the founding work of organometallic chemistry, a field that later produced the Grignard reagents and the industrial catalysts used to make polyethylene and polypropylene. Percy Faraday Frankland, written up in 1921 as a living man, died in 1946; the routine bacteriological testing of water supplies he helped pioneer is now standard public-health practice worldwide.
Written for this edition, 2026.