French
French names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
French VISCOUNT JOHN DEN- TON PINKSTONE, British general
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
VISCOUNT JOHN DEN- TON PINKSTONE, British general, son of a British naval officer, born at Ripple Vale, Kent, England, in 1852. He began his career in the Royal Navy as a midshipman, which he entered in 1866, but eight years later he was VISCOUNT FRENCH transferred to the Army. He saw serv ice in the Sudan with the Nineteenth Hussars, during 1884-1885. In 1889 he had reached the rank of colonel. In 1893-1894 he was Assistant Adjutant- General of Cavalry on the General Staff, and during 1895-1897 he was an assistant adjutant-general at Army Headquarters. In 1899 he became Major- General, commanding the cavalry division in Natal during the Boer War operations, and had command of operations around Colesberg, from November, 1899, to January 31, 1900. His cavalry assisted in the relief of Kimberley. In 1907, having now attained the full rank of General, he became Inspector-General of the Home Forces. In 1913 he was made Field Marshal, but early in 1914 he resigned, on account of friction with the Liberal Asquith Cabinet over the Government's military policy in Ireland. At the outbreak of the World War he immediately proffered his services and was placed in command of the British expeditionary forces sent to France. In the beginning of December, 1915, he was relieved of his command at his own instance and appointed to the command of the home forces. He was given a viscountcy in recognition of his long and faithful services. Nevertheless, there had been much criticism of the ability he had displayed in his command in France. In 1918 he was apof Ireland. pointed Lord-Lieutenant
French DANIEL CHESTER, an American sculptor
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
DANIEL CHESTER, an American sculptor; born in Exeter, N. H., April 20, 1850; was educated in Boston and in Florence, Italy; had studios in Boston and Concord, N. H., in 1878-1887, and in New York City in 1887-1900. His principal works include "The Minute Man of Concord"; statues of General Cass, Rufus Choate, John Harvard, and Thomas Starr King; "Dr. Gallaudet and His First Deaf Mute Pupil"; "Statue of the Republic"; the Milmore Memorial, etc. Consult Caffin's "American Masters of Sculpture."
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Both men were still alive when Collier's wrote in 1921, and both stories had their most notable chapters still to come. Field Marshal French, described here only as a viscount whose command in France drew "much criticism," left Ireland in 1921, was raised to Earl of Ypres in 1922 and died in 1925; historians have since largely accepted the case against him, treating his removal in December 1915 as the consequence of the mishandled reserves at Loos rather than the voluntary step the entry implies. The list of Daniel Chester French's "principal works" omits the one every reader now knows: the seated Lincoln of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, finished in 1920 and unveiled in May 1922. French died in 1931, and his Stockbridge, Massachusetts studio, Chesterwood, is now a public museum.
Written for this edition, 2026.