Gerard
Gerard names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Gerard COMTE ETIENNE MAU- RICE (zhārär)
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
COMTE ETIENNE MAU- RICE (zhārär), a French marshal; born in Damvillers, Meuse, France, April 4, 1773. Volunteering ring in the army in 1791, he served on the Rhine, in Italy, in the Vendée campaign, in Germany, and in Spain. For his brilliant services at Austerlitz (1805) he was appointed general of brigade; he also took a notable 1806), and part at Jena (1806), Erfurt ( Wagram (1809). During the Russian campaign of 1812 he rendered conspicuous service at the capture of Smolensk in the battle of the Beresina. After Napoleon's return from Elba he commanded a division at Ligny, and was wounded at Wavre. The second restoration compelled him to leave France, and he did not return till 1817. In 1831 he commanded the French army sent to the assistance of the Belgians against the Dutch, whom he drove out of Flanders, and Dec. 27, 1832, compelled the citadel of Antwerp to capitulate. After the July revolution of 1830 he was appointed marshal and war minister by Louis- Philippe; he was again war minister from July to October in 1834. He died in Paris, April 17, 1852.
Gerard JAMES WATSON, an American diplomat and lawyer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JAMES WATSON, an American diplomat and lawyer, born in Geneseo, N. Y., 1867. He graduated from the New York Law School in 1892. For four years he was Chairman of the New York Democratic Campaign Committee. JAMES W. GERARD In 1908 he was elected associate justice of the Supreme Court of New York, but resigned in 1913 on being appointed Ambassador to Germany by President Wilson. He became the center of public notice during the first two years of the World War, on account of the skill with which he represented his country in Germany, at a time when the situation between the two governments grew gradually more and more strained. On the break between Germany and the United States, in February, 1917, he was recalled and returned to the United States. He is the author of two books based on his experiences in Berlin, both of which were widely read; "My Four Years in Germany" (1917), and "Face to Face with Kaiserism" (1918).
What Has Changed in the Last Century
The marshal's entry needs no revision: Étienne Maurice Gérard died in 1852, his name is cut on the Arc de Triomphe, and Collier's 1921 summary of Austerlitz, Smolensk and the fall of the Antwerp citadel still reads accurately. James W. Gerard, however, was very much alive when Collier's wrote in 1921, and lived another thirty years, dying in 1951. His memoir "My Four Years in Germany," which Collier's notes was "widely read," was filmed in 1918 and its success helped establish the newly formed Warner Bros. as a studio. He never held high office again, but stayed a conspicuous Democratic figure and party fundraiser into the 1930s and 1940s.
Written for this edition, 2026.