Gladstone
Gladstone names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Gladstone WILLIAM EWART, an English statesman
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
WILLIAM EWART, an English statesman, born in Liverpool, Dec. 29, 1809; was graduated at the University of Oxford in 1831; became a Tory member of the House of Commons WILLIAM E. GLADSTONE in 1832; appointed Junior Lord of the Treasury in 1834, and Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1835. He made his first great speech in 1852 in reply to Disraeli's famous address against the Liberals. Soon after this Gladstone became Chancellor of the Exchequer; and upon rendering his first budget speech which enthralled the made a house and gave him a high reputation as a speaker on the most difficult financial problems. In 1865 he was appointed Speaker of the House of Commons, but continued in that office for one year only when the Government resigned. He was first prime minister in 1868-1874, during which period he introduced three bills dealing with the great difficulties of Ireland. The first measure, that of the disestablishment of the State Church of Ireland, was adopted by a large majority; the second, having to do with land laws, was also adopted; but the third, treating of Irish education, was on which the ministry redefeated, signed. Mr. Gladstone was again prime in 1880-1885, in 1885-1886, and minister in 1892-1894. His publications include "The State in Its Relations with the Church" (1838); "Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age" (1858); "The Vatican Decrees" (1874); "Gleanings of Past Years" (1879); "The Irish Question" (1886); etc. He died in Hawarden Castle, Flintshire, North Wales, May 19, 1898.
Gladstone HERBERT JOHN, 1st VISCOUNT
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
HERBERT JOHN, 1st VISCOUNT, an English statesman,_son of William E. Gladstone, born at London, in 1854. He was educated at Oxford and from 1877 to 1880 was lecturer on history at Keble College. In 1880-1881 he was private secretary to his and in the latter year was appointed Lord of the Treasury. He was successively Financial Secretary of War, Under-Secretary of the Home Office, and First Commissioner of Works. From 1899 to 1906 he was Chief Whip to the Liberal Party, and from 1905 to 1910 was Secretary of State for Home Affairs. He was a member of Parliament from Leeds from 1880 to 1909. In the latter year he was appointed First Governor- General of South Africa, serving until 1914.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's wrote in 1921 with Ireland still the unfinished business of Gladstone's career: it notes his Irish church disestablishment and land laws, and his home rule campaigns had twice failed, in 1886 and 1893. Within a year of that volume appearing the island was partitioned and the Irish Free State established, so the question that broke Gladstone's party was settled in a form he never proposed. His personal record still stands emaining four times prime minister, and, leaving office in 1894 at 84, still the oldest person to hold the post emaining but his private life is now far better known: the fourteen volumes of his diaries, edited by H. C. G. Matthew and published between 1968 and 1994, documented his night-time 'rescue work' with London prostitutes and his bouts of self-punishment. One slip in Collier's is worth flagging: in 1865 he became Leader, not Speaker, of the House of Commons.
Written for this edition, 2026.