Gleaves

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

ALBERT, an American naval officer, born in Nashville, Tenn., in 1858. He studied at the United States Academy and was appointed ensign in 1881. He rose through the various grades, becoming captain in 1909, rear admiral in 1915, vice-admiral in 1918, and admiral in 1919. He saw much service, both on shore and at sea. In 1915 he was appointed commander of the destroyer "Force" of the Atlantic Fleet and in May, 1917, he was appointed commander of convoy operations in the Atlantic. In this capacity he convoyed the first American Expeditionary Force to France. He was commander of the cruiser and transport force of the Atlantic Fleet from July, 1917, to September, 1919. In the latter year he was made a commander of the Asiatic Sta- GLEBÆ ADSCRIPTI tion. While on special service in command of the Dolphin, he discovered the greatest depth in the North Atlantic Ocean. In 1908 he established the first government torpedo factory. He was awarded the Victory medal with star, and the Distinguished Service Medal, and was commander of the French Legion of Honor. He was the author of "Captain James Lawrence , U. S. N." (1904). GLEBÆ ADSCRIPTI (glē'bē ad-skrip' tī) , in the Roman empire, from the 4th century onward , the cultivators of the soil, who, though personally free, were inseparably attached to the land they cultivated. They paid a fixed rent in kind to the owner of the domain, and, when he retained any land in his own hands, they were generally under the obligation to render him free a determinate amount of labor to till it. If the land was sold, they still remained attached to it. The Helots of Sparta were also glebæ adscripti.