Hodges
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
GEORGE, an American theologian, born in Rome, colle1856. graduated from Hamilton College in 1877. After serving as rector in Calvary Church in Pittsburgh, he was appointed dean of the Episcopal Theological School at Cambridge, Mass. He became widely known as a writer on thehis published works are "Three Hundred Years of the Episcopal Church in America" (1906); "The Training of Children in Religion" (1910); "Everyman's Religion" (1911); "Saints and Heroes" (1911). WILLIAM HODSON, STEPHEN RAIKES, an English soldier; born near Gloucester, March 19, 1821. He joined the Indian army in 1845, and got his first experience in the Sikh War. From 1849 to 1852 Hodson was employed in the work of civil government in the Punjab. In 1856 he was deprived of command on account of irregularities in the regimental accounts and of his unjust treatment of the troops and natives under his authority. In the crisis of the mutiny, however, he was appointed head of the intelligence department lepartment in the army engaged before Delhi, and raised a new regiment of irregular cavalry, known as Hodson's Horse. With this body of men Hodson took part in the siege of Delhi. After the fall of Delhi Hodson discovered the Mogul sovereign and his sons; these last he shot dead with his own hand at the time of capture. He was killed in 1858, during the assault on a royal palace in Lucknow. HÖDUR, or HÖDER (hö'der, in Scandinavian mythology, a god of darkness, the blind god who killed Balder, at the instigation of Loki. night, as Balder typifies day.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's wrote in 1921 as though George Hodges were still at his desk, but he had in fact died in 1919; his Episcopal Theological School at Cambridge merged with the Philadelphia Divinity School in 1974 to become the Episcopal Divinity School, which ended its degree programs in 2017 and moved into affiliation with Union Theological Seminary in New York. The entry on Hodson reads very differently now: what Collier's calls "the mutiny" is widely taught in India as the First War of Independence of 1857, and Hodson's shooting of the Mughal princes with his own hand — the old emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled to Rangoon, where he died in 1862 — is treated by most modern historians as a summary execution rather than a soldier's exploit. Hödur, the blind god who kills Balder at Loki's instigation, needs no updating; the account still matches the Prose Edda, though scholars are now more cautious about the neat "night versus day" reading Collier's offers, which owes more to nineteenth-century nature-myth theory than to the Norse sources.
Written for this edition, 2026.