Hudson River
2 of the 7 encyclopedias on this shelf carry an entry for Hudson River. Both are reproduced below, so you can see where they agree and where they differ.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
one of the noblest rivers of the United States . It rises in the Adirondack Mountains. As soon as it has been joined by several small headwaters, it takes a course nearly due south to New York Bay. At Troy it receives the Mohawk, a larger river than itself. Above Troy the current is rapid. At Glen's Falls there is a cataract fifty feet in height. The lower part of the Hudson occupies a drowned valley. The tide ascends almost as far as Troy. From Troy to New York Bay, a distance of 145 miles, the descent is but five feet. The lower 100 miles of the river is noted for impressive scenery. It has been compared with that of the Rhine. At Haverstraw the Hudson expands into Tappan Bay, about twelve miles in length and four or five in width. The Catskill Mountains , well described by Washington Irving, rise on the west. Below Tappan Bay the western shore rises precipitously from 300 to 500 feet. This wall extends for about twenty miles. It is known as the Palisades. The opposite shore is low and level. It is dotted with beautiful suburban residences occupied by New Yorkers. The river has valuable fisheries and is a highway of commerce. The Erie Canal , running by way of the Mohawk Valley, connects Troy with Lake Erie at Buffalo. The West Shore Railway follows the western bank, clinging to the foot of the Palisades. The New York Central keeps the eastern shore. The river was visited by Henry Hudson in 1609. The first European craft to navigate its waters was his ship, called the Half Moon . The Hudson was the first American river navigated by a steamboat. Fulton's boat, the Clermont, made regular trips from New York to Albany and return. See West Point ; Catskill Mountains ; Irving Rocky Run. Hudson River scenes
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a river in New York State, and one of the most beautiful and important in America. It rises in the Adirondack Mountains, 4,326 feet above the level of the sea, its headstreams being the outlets of many mountain lakes. At Glen's Falls it has a fall of 50 feet, and soon after, taking a S. course, runs nearly in a s a straight line to its mouth at New York City. It is tidal up to Troy, 151 miles from its mouth. Below Newburgh, 60 miles from New York, the river enters the highlands, which rise abruptly from the water to the height of 1,600 feet. Here historical associations add to the interest of scenery of singular beauty and grandeur: here was the scene of Arnold's treason and of André's fate; and at West Point, the seat of the United States Military Academy, 8 miles below Newburgh, are the ruins of Fort Putnam, built during the war of independence. Emerging from the highlands, the river widens into a broad expanse called Tappan Zee, which is 42 miles wide and 13 long. Below, on the right bank, a steep wall of trap rock, called the Palisades, rises from the river's edge. The river from here is known as the North river, and after passing between New York and Hoboken and Jersey City, it falls into New York Bay. Its whole length is about 350 miles, and its principal tributaries are the Sacondaga, Mohawk, and Wallkill. The river, named from the English navigator who explored it in 1609 (see HUDSON. HENRY), is connected by canals with Lakes Erie and Champlain, and with the Delaware river. There are three double-tube tunnels under the North river, one opposite 34th Street, one opposite Washington Square, and one opposite Cortlandt Street. Robert Fulton's first successful experiment in steamboat navigation was made on this river in 1807.