Junk
Junk names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Junk bruised, exhale a more or less Chinese
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
bruised, exhale a more or less Chinese, Jars able terebinthinate odor. The fruits ating their young tops are used in medicine, Chinese stimulant and diuretic properties. em or keel volatile oil ( oleum juniperi), d the arch from the fruits and other parts by w. The st tillation with water, is officinal nded, and pharmacopeias. The fruits or oth of the are used to flavor gin and nense Turpentine is frequently substituted s are them in the preparation of gin. UNK-CE per wood has a reddish color, and is and at the Bengal, on nsula, fro arrow char eers. The species J. y dry distillation, the The species J. in In- occasionally for veneers. France as huile de Oxycedrus yields, by dry distillation, the ly used in veterinary tarry oil known in France as huile de fever, cade; it is principally used in veterinary ber of this species is and medicine. The timber of this species is Fermudiane is the red Indian d J. Virginiana, the very durable. J. Bermudiana is the red sea- The wood of these or pencil cedar, and J. Virginiana, the , hill Virginian red cedar. The wood of these pencils; that of the the st. J. Sabina, species is used for pencils; that of the of the midgiven in former is considered the best. J. Sabina, forms a small the common savin, is a native of the mid- Gallinæ young branches, land parts of Europe, and forms a small parent enveloped in the other young branches, bushy shrub. The ves, are oficinal in which are completely enveloped in the . They, and the oil small imbricated leaves, are officinal in n, have acrid, stimu- Pennsylvaour pharmacopeias. They, and the oil obtained from them, have acrid, stimuenagogue properties. a useful acrid appliinlant, diuretic, emmenagogue properties. Savin ointment is a useful acrid app silk blistered surfaces. appli- 7,660. cation to keep open blistered surfaces. LETTERS, letters stream in ondon "Public Adver- JUNIUS' (jö'-) LETTERS, letters center of published in the London "Public Advergnature of "Junius," Little tiser" under the signature of "Junius," Jan. 21, 1769, and flowing the first appearing Jan. 21, 1769, and he 69th, in January, emptying the last, making the 69th, in January, authorized edition, above 1772. The first authorized edition, author's inspection, long, printed under the author's inspection, ndon, March 3, 1772, for its an index in March, was published in London, March 3, 1772, are the and was issued with an index in March, of Junius were , the 1773. The letters of Junius e ministry and the were times. directed against the ministry and the onected with it, and , empublic interest. The public characters connected with it, and public uage, the force and , diexcited the greatest public interest. The argument, their purity of their language, the force and range of atic sarcasm, dazproperspicuity of their argument, their fierce personal at- , coal, studied and epigrammatic sarcasm, dazthem a popularity develzling metaphors, and fierce personal atther series of letters tacks obtained for them a popularity backarrested the attenwhich perhaps no other series of letters and ment as well as the ever possessed, and arrested the attenof the t was made by the! tion of the government as well as the railroads. cover the author of Pop., public. Every effort was made by the In vain. Since that government to discover the author of have been written on these letters, but in vain. Since that genus of time many volumes have been written on rongest case appears Sir Philip Francis. European the subject. The strongest case appears junifroni being a settled to be in favor of Sir Philip Francis. evergreen The question is far from being a settled all the matter. employed by the barand Malays in navi. vessel employed by the
Junk open a It is the largest kind woods
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
open a It is the largest kind woods. Chinese, Japanese, and Malays in navi It has no prominent It is the largest kind Switgating their seas. deck is square, of Chinese vessel. It has no prominent when ach side of the stem or keel. The bow on deck is square, agreee rudder susand the anchors are at each side of the and ed beneath the bow. The stern is full, the rudder suspended, and at sea is lowered beneath the having ne vessel. The The piece; the lugdepth of the bottom of the vessel. The obtained of matting. disimmense masts are in one piece; the lugsails are sometimes of matting. or SALANGAN, an in our xtremity of the Bay berries
Junk a Chinese ship of clumsy construction
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
a Chinese ship of clumsy construction. It is a sailing vessel of from one to five masts. It is often of large dimensions. It has a flat bottom, a high, square prow, and a high stern. The name is applied both to river crafts and to large seagoing vessels. In an item giving the arrivals at Hong-Kong as so many steamers, ships, and junks, the latter term is used to denote native crafts. The word is of Malay origin, and appears to have no connection with the odds and ends of old rope, chain, iron, copper, bottles, and other rubbish gathered up by junk dealers.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Aiton's 1910 note that a Hong Kong shipping list still counted arrivals as "so many steamers, ships, and junks" marks a trade that has since vanished: the sail-powered junk disappeared from commercial use through the twentieth century, and the survivors in Hong Kong harbour, such as the red-sailed Duk Ling, are heritage and tourist craft rather than cargo carriers. Both entries insist the ship-name has nothing to do with old rope and scrap, and philologists still agree, tracing the vessel to Malay/Javanese jong and the rubbish sense to a separate Middle English word for worn cable; but the rubbish sense has since swallowed the word, giving junk mail, junk food, junk bonds and junk DNA. On the separate Junius question, Collier's 1921 called authorship "far from being a settled matter" while favouring Sir Philip Francis, and that case has since hardened: Alvar Ellegard's statistical study of vocabulary, published in 1962, is generally taken as confirming Francis.
Written for this edition, 2026.