Justin

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

ST., or JUSTIN MARTYR, 2d century; a Christian apologist of the . Carefully born in Sichem, Samaria of Greek philostrained in the schools converted to the Christian ophy, he was 30 years of age. A faith when about out against the persecution breaking , Justin pre- Christians, under Antoninus emperor an admirable sented to that e and op d lawyers nsisted t through reduced abridgn substan tary for including lected i "New Cæsar h were con JUTE Corchor to the r linden). the warm tivation gal, on annual r or 14 fe bark of eminent the bark The Aber face; it is and hence and canv making b and Gree purpebas, cordage, facture o use is in t for baggin tion of Bengal, ju ipers wov remote por branch of JUTERY province rail S. S. and wine Tüterbog is nans under inder Ney Cop., about JUTIAP f Guatem alapa and Pacific Oce the W. quare mi aising and apital, Jut JUTTANS ormerly co ental porti at now re oninsula b of Schles apology in their behalf, which had the desired effect. He afterward addressed another apology to Marcus Aurelius, in which he defended the Christians against the calumnies of Crescens, a Cynic philosopher. For this, and his neglect of pagan worship, he was condemned to be scourged , and then beheaded, which sentence was put in execution A. D. 165. a same time, JUSTINIAN (-tin'i-an) I. (FLAVIUS ANICIUS JUSTINIANUS ), a Byzantine emperor; born in Tauresium , Dardania, Illyricum, probably May 11, 483. He succeeded his uncle Justin I. in 527. He had married Theodora, a well-known actress and courtesan , who was created Augusta, and crowned the same day as her husband. About the BELISARIUS (q. v.), was married to Antonina, professional companion of Theodora; and to the intrigues and jealousies stirred up by these two women are to be attributed the stains on Justinian's personal character. The political events of his reign may be summed up in the wars of Belisarius and the eunuch Narses, who obtained splendid successes over the Persians in the East, and the Vandals and Goths in Italy, and in the terrible sedition which broke out in Constantinople in 532, and was extinguished in the blood of 30,000 persons. In the latter case, Justinian I. would have fled from his capital, but for the courage and talents of Theodora . The glory of his reign is the famous JUSTINIAN CODE (q. v.). Justinian I. was also a great builder and engineer, and works of public utility were kept constantly in progress all parts of the empire. He was remarkable for temperance, great learning and diligent application to business; but his religious bigotry, and his weakness in the hands of Theodora, marred all his good qualities. He died Nov. 14, 565. JUSTINIAN II., surnamed RHINOT- METUS , a Byzantine emperor. He succeeded his father, Constantine IV. in 685. He was deposed and banished for his cruelty , by his general, Leontius, 695; regained his throne 10 years afterward, and, exhibiting the same ferocious disposition, was assassinated , 711.